---
title: borshch — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «borshch» in the school dictionary: Borshch (борщ) is the Ukrainian spelling in Latin letters of «borscht», the sour beetroot soup that is a national dish of Ukraine. It sounds like «borshch», with «shch» like the sounds in «fresh cheese» run together. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency t
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/B/borshch/)

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# borshch

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Borshch, that, Mum, Ukraine borshch, We · **What happens:** be, letter, sound, run, cook, write · **To what, where:** Ukrainian spelling, Latin letters, national dish, borscht, borshch, table · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«borshch» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [borshch in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/borshch.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Ukrainian — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Borshch (борщ) is the Ukrainian spelling in Latin letters of «borscht», the sour beetroot soup that is a national dish of Ukraine. It sounds like «borshch», with «shch» like the sounds in «fresh cheese» run together.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Borshch (борщ) is the Ukrainian spelling in Latin letters of «borscht», the sour beetroot soup that is a national dish of Ukraine.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borshch:m1:1
# text = Borshch (борщ) is the Ukrainian spelling in Latin letters of «borscht», the sour beetroot soup that is a national dish of Ukraine.
1	Borshch	borshch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
2	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	борщ	борщ	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Ukrainian	ukrainian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	spelling	spelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	Latin	Latin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	borscht	borscht	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
18	sour	sour	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
19	beetroot	beetroot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	soup	soup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
21	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	25	nsubj	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	national	national	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	dish	dish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	parataxis	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Borshch | the Ukrainian spelling and the sour beetroot soup |  | Latin letters of borscht |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | that | a national dish |  |  |  | of Ukraine | tree rules |
| 3 | **letter** |  |  | borscht |  |  |  |  | nom letter «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* It sounds like «borshch», with «shch» like the sounds in «fresh cheese» run together.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borshch:m1:2
# text = It sounds like «borshch», with «shch» like the sounds in «fresh cheese» run together.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sounds	sound	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	like	like	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	borshch	borshch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	shch	shch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	sounds	sound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	cheese	cheese	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	_
20	run	run	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
21	together	together	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sound** | present | Borshch |  |  |  |  | like borshch | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **run** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum cooked borshch with pampushky.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borshch:x1:1
# text = Mum cooked borshch with pampushky.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cooked	cook	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	borshch	borshch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	pampushky	pampushky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cook** | past | Mum | borshch |  |  |  | with pampushky | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent borshch=Patient with pampushky=Instrument |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Ukraine, borshch is on almost every family's table.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borshch:x2:1
# text = In Ukraine, borshch is on almost every family's table.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	borshch	borshch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
7	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Ukraine borshch |  |  | every family's table |  | almost *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Borshch is the Ukrainian way to write borscht.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borshch:x3:1
# text = Borshch is the Ukrainian way to write borscht.
1	Borshch	borshch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Ukrainian	ukrainian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	write	write	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
8	borscht	borscht	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Borshch | the Ukrainian way |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **write** | to-infinitive |  | borscht |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent borscht=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We learned to say «borshch» properly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borshch:x4:1
# text = We learned to say «borshch» properly.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	learned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	borshch	borshch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	properly	properly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | past | We |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | borshch |  |  |  | properly *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent borshch=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The borshch was bright red and smelled of dill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borshch:x5:1
# text = The borshch was bright red and smelled of dill.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	borshch	borshch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	smelled	smell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	dill	dill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the borshch |  |  |  |  | red *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **smell** | participle | the borshch *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of dill | vn smell\_emission-43.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Location of dill=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma's borshch takes all morning to cook.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borshch:x6:1
# text = Grandma's borshch takes all morning to cook.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	borshch	borshch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	cook	cook	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | Grandma's borshch |  |  |  | morning |  | vn require-103 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Precondition |
| 2 | **cook** | to-infinitive | Grandma's borshch *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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