---
title: bound — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «bound» in the school dictionary: Certain to happen: if something is bound to happen, it will almost surely happen. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# bound

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Certain, something, it, string, Going, bound · **What happens:** happen, be, tie up, not move, go, bind · **To what, where:** place, train, Leeds, one big jump, edges, you

<!-- .vabout -->
«bound» in the school dictionary: its 8 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [bound in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/bound.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Certain to happen: if something is bound to happen, it will almost surely happen.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bound:m1:1
# text = Certain to happen: if something is bound to happen, it will almost surely happen.
1	Certain	certain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	to	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
3	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
5	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	bound	bound	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
13	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
14	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	surely	surely	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	happen	happen	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | to-infinitive | Certain |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | something |  |  |  |  | bound *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **happen** | to-infinitive | something *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **happen** | future | it |  |  |  |  | surely *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tied up with rope or string so it cannot move.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bound:m2:1
# text = Tied up with rope or string so it cannot move.
1	Tied	tie	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	up	up	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	rope	rope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	string	string	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tie up** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | with rope or string | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle PP»: agent=Patient with rope=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **not** **move** | can | string |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Going towards a place: a train bound for Leeds is travelling to Leeds.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bound:m3:1
# text = Going towards a place: a train bound for Leeds is travelling to Leeds.
1	Going	go	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	csubj	_	_
2	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	bound	bind	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Leeds	Leeds	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	travelling	travel	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Leeds	Leeds	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | gerund |  |  |  | a place  a train |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme towards place=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **bind** | participle |  | a train *not said here* |  |  |  | for Leeds | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **travel** | present · progressive | Going |  | Leeds |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to leeds=Destination |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To bound is to jump or run with big springy leaps.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bound:m4:1
# text = To bound is to jump or run with big springy leaps.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	bound	bound	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	jump	jump	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	run	run	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	springy	springy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	leaps	leap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bound** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | jump *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **run** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with big springy leaps | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent with leap=Material |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bound is one big jump.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bound:m5:1
# text = A bound is one big jump.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bound	bound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
5	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	jump	jump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a bound | one big jump |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bounds are the edges or limits of an area; «out of bounds» means a place you are not allowed to go.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bound:m6:1
# text = Bounds are the edges or limits of an area; «out of bounds» means a place you are not allowed to go.
1	Bounds	bound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	edges	edge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	limits	limit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	out	out	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	bounds	bound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
16	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj:pass	_	_
20	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux:pass	_	_
21	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	22	advmod	_	_
22	allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	acl:relcl	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Bounds | the edges or limits of a area |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present | the edges or limits of a area | a place |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Topic |
| 3 | **not** **allow** | present · passive | a place *not said here* | you |  |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **go** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 7 {#m7}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Obliged by a rule, law or promise: «bound by the rules».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bound:m7:1
# text = Obliged by a rule, law or promise: «bound by the rules».
1	Obliged	oblige	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	promise	promise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	bound	bind	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **oblige** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by a rule  law or promise | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **bind** *in a quote* | participle |  | promise *not said here* |  |  |  | by the rules | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Meaning 8 {#m8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Of a book: having covers fastened on.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bound:m8:1
# text = Of a book: having covers fastened on.
1	Of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
6	covers	cover	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	appos	_	_
7	fastened	fasten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **fasten on** | participle |  | having covers *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was bound to rain on sports day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bound:x1:1
# text = It was bound to rain on sports day.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	bound	bound	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	sports	sport	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	compound	_	_
8	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | It |  |  |  |  | bound *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog bounded across the park to meet us.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bound:x2:1
# text = The dog bounded across the park to meet us.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	bounded	bound	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	across	across	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	meet	meet	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
9	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bound** | participle |  | the dog *not said here* |  | the park |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across park=Trajectory |
| 2 | **meet** | to-infinitive |  | us |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Co-Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The kidnapped prince was bound with ropes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bound:x3:1
# text = The kidnapped prince was bound with ropes.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	kidnapped	kidnap	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	prince	prince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	bound	bind	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	ropes	rope	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kidnap** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **bind** | past · passive |  | the kidnapped prince |  |  |  | with ropes | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Patient with rope=Co-Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This bus is bound for the city centre.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bound:x4:1
# text = This bus is bound for the city centre.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	bound	bind	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	centre	centre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bind** | present · passive |  | this bus |  |  |  | for the city centre | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The kangaroo cleared the fence in a single bound.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bound:x5:1
# text = The kangaroo cleared the fence in a single bound.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	kangaroo	kangaroo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	cleared	clear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	fence	fence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	bound	bound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clear** | past | the kangaroo | the fence |  | a single bound |  |  | vn clear-10.3-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent fence=Source |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old quarry is out of bounds to all pupils.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bound:x6:1
# text = The old quarry is out of bounds to all pupils.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	quarry	quarry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	bounds	bound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	pupils	pupil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the old quarry |  |  | bounds |  | to all pupils | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your reading has improved by leaps and bounds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bound:x7:1
# text = Your reading has improved by leaps and bounds.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	reading	reading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	improved	improve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	leaps	leap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	bounds	bound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **improve** | present · perfect | Your reading |  |  |  |  | by leaps and bounds | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **read** |  | Your |  |  |  |  |  | nom reading «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Members are bound by the club rules.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bound:x8:1
# text = Members are bound by the club rules.
1	Members	member	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	bound	bind	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	club	club	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bind** | present · passive | the club rules | Members |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The answer lies between a lower bound of 10 and an upper bound of 20.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bound:x9:1
# text = The answer lies between a lower bound of 10 and an upper bound of 20.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lies	lie	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	between	between	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	lower	low	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	bound	bound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	upper	upper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	bound	bound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | present | the answer |  |  | a lower bound of 10 and a upper bound of 20 |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent between bound=Location |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
With one bound, he leaped aboard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bound:x10:1
# text = With one bound, he leaped aboard.
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	bound	bound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	leaped	leap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	aboard	aboard	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leap** | past | he |  |  |  |  | with one bound; aboard *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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