---
title: bragging — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «bragging» in the school dictionary: Talking proudly about yourself and what you have or can do, in a way that annoys others: boasting. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# bragging

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, way, Talking, He, Nobody, winners · **What happens:** talk, have, do, annoy, boast, win · **To what, where:** way, others, three goals, bragging, bragging rights, fable · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«bragging» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [bragging in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/bragging.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Talking proudly about yourself and what you have or can do, in a way that annoys others: boasting.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bragging:m1:1
# text = Talking proudly about yourself and what you have or can do, in a way that annoys others: boasting.
1	Talking	talk	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	csubj	_	_
2	proudly	proudly	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	about	about	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	yourself	yourself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	1	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	conj	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
16	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
17	annoys	annoy	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
18	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
20	boasting	boast	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **talk** | gerund |  |  |  | a way |  | about yourself; proudly *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about yourself=Topic |
| 2 | **have** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **do** | can | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **annoy** | present | a way | others |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus other=Experiencer |
| 5 | **boast** *speech: other* | gerund | Talking |  |  |  |  |  | vn complain-37.8 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: as in "bragging rights" — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The right to boast because you won.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bragging:m2:1
# text = The right to boast because you won.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	right	right	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	boast	boast	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl	_	_
5	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **boast** *speech: other* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn complain-37.8 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **win** | past | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stop bragging about your new trainers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bragging:x1:1
# text = Stop bragging about your new trainers.
1	Stop	stop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	bragging	brag	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	xcomp	_	_
3	about	about	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	trainers	trainer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **brag** *speech: other* | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | about your new trainers | vn complain-37.8 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about trainer=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was bragging that he scored three goals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bragging:x2:1
# text = He was bragging that he scored three goals.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	bragging	brag	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	scored	score	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
7	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	goals	goal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **brag** *speech: other* | past · progressive | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn complain-37.8 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **score** | past | he | three goals |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goal=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nobody likes bragging.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bragging:x3:1
# text = Nobody likes bragging.
1	Nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	2	nsubj	_	_
2	likes	like	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	bragging	bragging	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **like** | present | Nobody | bragging |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot bragging=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The winners get bragging rights until next year.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bragging:x4:1
# text = The winners get bragging rights until next year.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	winners	winner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	get	get	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	bragging	brag	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	rights	right	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	until	until	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | present | the winners | bragging rights |  |  | year |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer right=Stimulus |
| 2 | **brag** *speech: other* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn complain-37.8 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She kept bragging about her test score.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bragging:x5:1
# text = She kept bragging about her test score.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	bragging	brag	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	score	score	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | She |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **brag** *speech: other* | gerund | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  | about her test score | vn complain-37.8 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about score=Topic |
| 3 | **score** |  | her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom score «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the fable, the hare was bragging about his speed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bragging:x6:1
# text = In the fable, the hare was bragging about his speed.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	fable	fable	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hare	hare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	bragging	brag	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
9	about	about	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **brag** *speech: other* | past · progressive | the hare |  |  | the fable |  | about hare's speed | vn complain-37.8 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about speed=Topic |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We are tired of hearing you bragging about yourself, you little turkey cock!

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bragging:x7:1
# text = We are tired of hearing you bragging about yourself, you little turkey cock!
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	hearing	hear	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	bragging	brag	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
8	about	about	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	yourself	yourself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
12	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
13	turkey	turkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	cock	cock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | We |  |  |  |  | tired *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **hear** | gerund | We *not said here* | you |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus |
| 3 | **brag** *speech: other* | gerund | We *not said here* |  |  |  |  | about yourself | vn complain-37.8 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about yourself=Topic |
| 4 | **cock** |  | you |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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