---
title: breath — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «breath» in the school dictionary: Breath is the air that goes into and out of your lungs. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# breath

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Breath, air, one time, you, I, He · **What happens:** be, go, breathe, mean, run, work · **To what, where:** air, one time, light movement, deep breath, breath, water · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«breath» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [breath in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/breath.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Breath is the air that goes into and out of your lungs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:breath:m1:1
# text = Breath is the air that goes into and out of your lungs.
1	Breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	out	out	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	lungs	lung	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Breath | the air |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **go** | present | the air |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A breath is one time of breathing in and out.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:breath:m2:1
# text = A breath is one time of breathing in and out.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	breathing	breathe	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
8	in	in	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	out	out	ADV	RB	_	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a breath | one time |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **breathe** | gerund | one time *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Out of breath» means breathing fast because you ran or worked hard.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:breath:m3:1
# text = «Out of breath» means breathing fast because you ran or worked hard.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Out	out	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	breathing	breathe	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	ccomp	_	_
8	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	7	advmod	_	_
9	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	worked	work	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
14	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | breath |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **breathe** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **run** | past | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **work** | past | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A breath of wind is a light movement of air.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:breath:m4:1
# text = A breath of wind is a light movement of air.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	light	light	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	movement	movement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a breath of wind | a light movement |  |  |  | of air | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Take a deep breath and count to five.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:breath:x1:1
# text = Take a deep breath and count to five.
1	Take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	count	count	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | imperative | you *not said here* | a deep breath |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breath=Theme |
| 2 | **count** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to five | vn matter-91 «NP V PP.experiencer»: agent=Stimulus to five=Experiencer |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I was out of breath after the race.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:breath:x2:1
# text = I was out of breath after the race.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	out	out	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | I |  |  | breath | after the race |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hold your breath under the water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:breath:x3:1
# text = Hold your breath under the water.
1	Hold	hold	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	under	under	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | imperative | you *not said here* | your breath |  | the water |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent breath=Theme under water=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You can see your breath when it's cold.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:breath:x4:1
# text = You can see your breath when it's cold.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	9	mark	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | can | You | your breath |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer breath=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is** | present | breath |  |  |  |  | cold *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He said something under his breath.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:breath:x5:1
# text = He said something under his breath.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	under	under	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | He | something |  | his breath |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent something=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stop and catch your breath.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:breath:x6:1
# text = Stop and catch your breath.
1	Stop	stop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	catch	catch	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **catch** | infinitive | you *not said here* | your breath |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breath=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Brush your teeth for fresh breath.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:breath:x7:1
# text = Brush your teeth for fresh breath.
1	Brush	brush	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **brush** | imperative | you *not said here* | your teeth |  |  |  | for fresh breath | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent tooth=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The new teacher was a breath of fresh air.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:breath:x8:1
# text = The new teacher was a breath of fresh air.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the new teacher | a breath |  |  |  | of fresh air | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On the hilltop he paused for breath.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:breath:x9:1
# text = On the hilltop he paused for breath.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	hilltop	hilltop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	paused	pause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pause** | past | he |  |  | the hilltop |  | for breath | vn linger-53.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on hilltop=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [breaststroke](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/B/breaststroke/)
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