---
title: breathlessness — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «breathlessness» in the school dictionary: Being short of breath and finding it hard to breathe, for example after running or because of illness. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# breathlessness

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**Who acts:** breath, example, you, I, Breathlessness, doctor · **What happens:** be, find, breathe, run, not breathe, feel · **To what, where:** breath, bit, sign, breathlessness, story, adult · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«breathlessness» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [breathlessness in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/breathlessness.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being short of breath and finding it hard to breathe, for example after running or because of illness.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:breathlessness:m1:1
# text = Being short of breath and finding it hard to breathe, for example after running or because of illness.
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	cop	_	_
2	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	finding	find	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	conj	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	breathe	breathe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
15	running	run	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	acl	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	19	case	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	fixed	_	_
19	illness	illness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | of breath; short *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **find** | gerund |  | breath |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |
| 3 | **breathe** | to-infinitive | breath *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for example | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **run** | gerund | example *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A feeling of great excitement or surprise, as if you cannot breathe.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:breathlessness:m2:1
# text = A feeling of great excitement or surprise, as if you cannot breathe.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	excitement	excitement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	surprise	surprise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
10	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
11	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
12	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	breathe	breathe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **breathe** | can | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After the race I felt a bit of breathlessness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:breathlessness:x1:1
# text = After the race I felt a bit of breathlessness.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	breathlessness	breathlessness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | I | a bit of breathlessness |  |  | after the race |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bit=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Breathlessness can be a sign of an asthma attack.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:breathlessness:x2:1
# text = Breathlessness can be a sign of an asthma attack.
1	Breathlessness	breathlessness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	asthma	asthma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	attack	attack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | Breathlessness | a sign |  |  |  | of a asthma attack | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The doctor asked about Grandma's breathlessness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:breathlessness:x3:1
# text = The doctor asked about Grandma's breathlessness.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	Grandma	Grandma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	breathlessness	breathlessness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | the doctor |  |  |  |  | about Grandma's breathlessness | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V PP.topic whether S»: agent=Agent about breathlessness=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The climbers felt breathlessness high on the mountain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:breathlessness:x4:1
# text = The climbers felt breathlessness high on the mountain.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	climbers	climber	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	breathlessness	breathlessness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | the climbers | breathlessness |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breathlessness=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the story her breathlessness came from excitement.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:breathlessness:x5:1
# text = In the story her breathlessness came from excitement.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	breathlessness	breathlessness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	excitement	excitement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | her breathlessness |  |  | the story |  | from excitement | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from excitement=Initial\_Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tell an adult if breathlessness doesn't go away.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:breathlessness:x6:1
# text = Tell an adult if breathlessness doesn't go away.
1	Tell	tell	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	breathlessness	breathlessness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	ccomp	_	_
9	away	away	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* |  | a adult |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent adult=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **go away** *a condition, not said to happen* | present · do-support | breathlessness |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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