---
title: bribery — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «bribery» in the school dictionary: Giving or offering money, gifts or favours to someone so they will do something dishonest or unfair for you. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# bribery

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** money, someone, parents, Bribery, official, Mum · **What happens:** give, offer, do, get, be, go · **To what, where:** money, someone, something, treat, prison, little bribery · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«bribery» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [bribery in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/bribery.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Giving or offering money, gifts or favours to someone so they will do something dishonest or unfair for you.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bribery:m1:1
# text = Giving or offering money, gifts or favours to someone so they will do something dishonest or unfair for you.
1	Giving	give	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	offering	offer	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
4	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	gifts	gift	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	favours	favour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obl	_	_
11	so	so	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
15	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	14	obj	_	_
16	dishonest	dishonest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	unfair	unfair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	conj	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **offer** | gerund |  | money and gifts or favours | someone |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent money=Theme to someone=Goal |
| 3 | **do** | future | money | something |  |  |  | for you | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal, humorous — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Offering a treat to get someone to do something, as parents sometimes do.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bribery:m2:1
# text = Offering a treat to get someone to do something, as parents sometimes do.
1	Offering	offer	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	treat	treat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
6	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
9	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
12	parents	parent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
13	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	14	advmod	_	_
14	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **offer** | gerund |  | a treat |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent treat=Theme |
| 2 | **get** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** | to-infinitive | someone *not said here* | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |
| 4 | **do** | present | parents |  |  |  |  | sometimes *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bribery is against the law.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bribery:x1:1
# text = Bribery is against the law.
1	Bribery	bribery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	against	against	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Bribery |  |  |  |  | against the law | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The official went to prison for bribery.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bribery:x2:1
# text = The official went to prison for bribery.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	nsubj	_	_
3	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	prison	prison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	bribery	bribery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | the official |  |  | prison |  | for bribery | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to prison=Initial\_Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum used a little bribery to get us to eat our sprouts.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bribery:x3:1
# text = Mum used a little bribery to get us to eat our sprouts.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	bribery	bribery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
8	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	iobj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
11	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	sprouts	sprout	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | Mum | a little bribery |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bribery=Patient |
| 2 | **get** | to-infinitive | Mum *not said here* |  | us |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **eat** | to-infinitive | Mum *not said here* | our sprouts |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sprout=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The referee was accused of bribery.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bribery:x4:1
# text = The referee was accused of bribery.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	referee	referee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	accused	accuse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	bribery	bribery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accuse** | past · passive |  | the referee |  |  |  | of bribery | vn suspect-81 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme of bribery=Attribute |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bribery makes things unfair for honest people.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bribery:x5:1
# text = Bribery makes things unfair for honest people.
1	Bribery	bribery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	unfair	unfair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Bribery | things |  |  |  | unfair *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset thing=Product |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At this last bribery, Pinocchio could no longer resist and said firmly:

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bribery:x6:1
# text = At this last bribery, Pinocchio could no longer resist and said firmly:
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
3	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	bribery	bribery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	Pinocchio	Pinocchio	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
7	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
8	no	no	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	10	advmod	_	_
10	resist	resist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
13	firmly	firmly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  |  |  |  |  | firmly *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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