---
title: bridge — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «bridge» in the school dictionary: A bridge is something built over a river, road or valley so people or vehicles can go across. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# bridge

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** bridge, people, captain, train, 3 bridges, We · **What happens:** be, build, go, steer, make, cross · **To what, where:** something, river, top part, bridge, difference, card game · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«bridge» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [bridge in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/bridge.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bridge is something built over a river, road or valley so people or vehicles can go across.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bridge:m1:1
# text = A bridge is something built over a river, road or valley so people or vehicles can go across.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
5	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	over	over	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	valley	valley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
13	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
14	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	vehicles	vehicle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	_
17	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
19	across	across	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a bridge | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **build** | participle |  |  |  | a river and road or valley |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 3 | **go** | can | people or vehicles |  |  |  |  | across *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bridge of your nose is its top part between the eyes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bridge:m2:1
# text = The bridge of your nose is its top part between the eyes.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	top	top	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	between	between	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the bridge of your nose | bridge's top part |  |  |  | between the eyes | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bridge of a ship is where the captain steers it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bridge:m3:1
# text = The bridge of a ship is where the captain steers it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	captain	captain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	steers	steer	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl:relcl	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the bridge of a ship |  |  |  |  | where *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **steer** | present | the captain | bridge |  |  |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To bridge a gap is to join two things or make a difference smaller.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bridge:m4:1
# text = To bridge a gap is to join two things or make a difference smaller.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	gap	gap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	join	join	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	difference	difference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	smaller	small	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	11	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | bridge |  |  |  |  | join *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | infinitive | bridge *not said here* | a difference |  |  |  | small *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset difference=Product |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bridge is also a card game.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bridge:m5:1
# text = Bridge is also a card game.
1	Bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	card	card	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Bridge | a card game |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bridge is 200 m long.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bridge:x1:1
# text = The bridge is 200 m long.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	200	200	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	m	m	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the bridge |  |  |  |  | 200 m *obl:unmarked*; long *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A train crosses the bridge.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bridge:x2:1
# text = A train crosses the bridge.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	crosses	cross	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cross** | present | a train | the bridge |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bridge=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There are 3 bridges over the river.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bridge:x3:1
# text = There are 3 bridges over the river.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	bridges	bridge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | 3 bridges |  |  | the river; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over river=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How long does it take to cross?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bridge:x4:1
# text = How long does it take to cross?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
3	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	expl	_	_
5	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	cross	cross	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present · do-support |  | it |  |  |  | long *property* | vn require-103 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Precondition |
| 2 | **cross** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Sydney Harbour Bridge is called «the Coathanger».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bridge:x5:1
# text = The Sydney Harbour Bridge is called «the Coathanger».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	Sydney	Sydney	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
3	Harbour	Harbour	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	Bridge	Bridge	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Coathanger	Coathanger	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | the Sydney Harbour Bridge |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We built a bridge from paper straws to hold a toy car.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bridge:x6:1
# text = We built a bridge from paper straws to hold a toy car.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	built	build	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	straws	straw	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	toy	toy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | past | We | a bridge |  | paper straws |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent bridge=Product from straw=Material |
| 2 | **hold** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | a toy car |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent car=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The troll lived under the bridge.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bridge:x7:1
# text = The troll lived under the bridge.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	troll	troll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	under	under	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | the troll |  |  | the bridge |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under bridge=Location |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His glasses sat on the bridge of his nose.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bridge:x8:1
# text = His glasses sat on the bridge of his nose.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	glasses	glass	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | His glasses |  |  | the bridge of his nose |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on bridge=Location |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They turned, and ran back across the bridge.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bridge:x9:1
# text = They turned, and ran back across the bridge.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
6	back	back	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	across	across	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past | They |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **run back** | past | They *not said here* |  |  | the bridge |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across bridge=Trajectory |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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