---
title: brisk — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «brisk» in the school dictionary: Brisk means quick and energetic («a brisk walk»). Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# brisk

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Brisk, Brisk weather, brisk manner, Brisk business, lots, We · **What happens:** mean, be, buy, sell, go, brisk · **To what, where:** bit, brisk autumn morning, sea, fire

<!-- .vabout -->
«brisk» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [brisk in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/brisk.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Brisk means quick and energetic («a brisk walk»).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:brisk:m1:1
# text = Brisk means quick and energetic («a brisk walk»).
1	Brisk	Brisk	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	quick	quick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	energetic	energetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
6	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	brisk	brisk	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	walk	walk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Brisk |  |  |  |  | quick *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Brisk weather is cold and fresh.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:brisk:m2:1
# text = Brisk weather is cold and fresh.
1	Brisk	brisk	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Brisk weather |  |  |  |  | cold *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Brisk weather *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A brisk manner is quick and businesslike, sometimes a bit short.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:brisk:m3:1
# text = A brisk manner is quick and businesslike, sometimes a bit short.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	brisk	brisk	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	quick	quick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	businesslike	businesslike	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	12	advmod	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl:unmarked	_	_
12	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a brisk manner |  |  |  |  | quick *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | a brisk manner *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | a brisk manner *not said here* | a bit |  |  |  | sometimes *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Brisk business or trade is busy, with lots of buying and selling.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:brisk:m4:1
# text = Brisk business or trade is busy, with lots of buying and selling.
1	Brisk	brisk	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	business	business	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	busy	busy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	lots	lot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	parataxis	_	_
10	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
11	buying	buy	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	acl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	selling	sell	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Brisk business or trade |  |  |  |  | busy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **buy** | gerund | lots *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **sell** | gerund | lots *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We went for a brisk walk after lunch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:brisk:x1:1
# text = We went for a brisk walk after lunch.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	brisk	brisk	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	walk	walk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	lunch	lunch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | We |  |  |  |  | for a brisk walk after lunch | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for walk=Beneficiary |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was a brisk autumn morning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:brisk:x2:1
# text = It was a brisk autumn morning.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	brisk	brisk	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | It | a brisk autumn morning |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nurse was kind but brisk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:brisk:x3:1
# text = The nurse was kind but brisk.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nurse	nurse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	kind	kind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	brisk	brisk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the nurse |  |  |  |  | kind *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **brisk** | infinitive | the nurse *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ice cream sales were brisk on the hot day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:brisk:x4:1
# text = Ice cream sales were brisk on the hot day.
1	Ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	sales	sale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	brisk	brisk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **brisk** | past | cream sales |  |  |  | day |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rat rowed at a brisk pace.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:brisk:x5:1
# text = Rat rowed at a brisk pace.
1	Rat	Rat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	rowed	row	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	brisk	brisk	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	pace	pace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **row** | past | Rat |  |  |  |  | at a brisk pace | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A brisk wind blew off the sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:brisk:x6:1
# text = A brisk wind blew off the sea.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	brisk	brisk	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	blew	blow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	off	off	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **blow off** | past | a brisk wind | the sea |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent sea=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The brisk wind which stirred the fire also played with a squeaky old tree beside Iktomi's wigwam.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:brisk:x7:1
# text = The brisk wind which stirred the fire also played with a squeaky old tree beside Iktomi's wigwam.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	brisk	brisk	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
4	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	stirred	stir	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	also	also	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	played	play	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	squeaky	squeaky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
13	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
15	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	Iktomi	Iktomi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	's	's	PART	POS	_	16	case	_	_
18	wigwam	wigwam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stir** | past | the brisk wind | the fire |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus fire=Experiencer |
| 2 | **play** | past | the brisk wind |  |  |  |  | with a squeaky old tree beside Iktomi's wigwam | vn play-114.2-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with tree=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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