---
title: bristly — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «bristly» in the school dictionary: Covered with short, stiff hairs. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# bristly

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**Who acts:** chin, back, new brush, caterpillar, headteacher · **What happens:** cover, get, be, have, not touch · **To what, where:** bristly hairs, caterpillar

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«bristly» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 5 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [bristly in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/bristly.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Covered with short, stiff hairs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bristly:m1:1
# text = Covered with short, stiff hairs.
1	Covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
3	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	stiff	stiff	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	hairs	hair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | with short stiff hairs | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with hair=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stiff and rough like bristles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bristly:m2:1
# text = Stiff and rough like bristles.
1	Stiff	stiff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
4	like	like	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	bristles	bristle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Easily annoyed or quick to get angry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bristly:m3:1
# text = Easily annoyed or quick to get angry.
1	Easily	easily	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	annoyed	annoyed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	quick	quick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
7	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | angry *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad's chin is bristly in the morning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bristly:x1:1
# text = Dad's chin is bristly in the morning.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	chin	chin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	bristly	bristly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Dad's chin |  |  |  | morning | bristly *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A hedgehog's back is bristly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bristly:x2:1
# text = A hedgehog's back is bristly.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hedgehog	hedgehog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	bristly	bristly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a hedgehog's back |  |  |  |  | bristly *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The new brush is very bristly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bristly:x3:1
# text = The new brush is very bristly.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	brush	brush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	bristly	bristly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the new brush |  |  |  |  | bristly *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The caterpillar had bristly hairs – don't touch it!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bristly:x4:1
# text = The caterpillar had bristly hairs – don't touch it!
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	caterpillar	caterpillar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	bristly	bristly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	hairs	hair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	–	-	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
7	do	do	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	touch	touch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the caterpillar | bristly hairs |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hair=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **touch** | infinitive · do-support | the caterpillar *not said here* | caterpillar |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The headteacher was a bit bristly today.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bristly:x5:1
# text = The headteacher was a bit bristly today.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	headteacher	headteacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	bristly	bristly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the headteacher |  |  |  | today | a bit *obl:unmarked*; bristly *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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