---
title: bryony — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «bryony» in the school dictionary: Bryony is a climbing plant found in hedges in Britain and Europe; there are two kinds, white bryony and black bryony, both with shiny red berries in autumn. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# bryony

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Bryony, two kinds, bright red berries, you, White bryony, girl · **What happens:** be, find, climb, not eat, hold on, hang · **To what, where:** climbing plant, hedges, name, hedge, hedge berries, bryony berries · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«bryony» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [bryony in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/bryony.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bryony is a climbing plant found in hedges in Britain and Europe; there are two kinds, white bryony and black bryony, both with shiny red berries in autumn.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bryony:m1:1
# text = Bryony is a climbing plant found in hedges in Britain and Europe; there are two kinds, white bryony and black bryony, both with shiny red berries in autumn.
1	Bryony	bryony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	climbing	climbing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	hedges	hedge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Britain	Britain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	15	expl	_	_
15	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
16	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	_
17	kinds	kind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	bryony	bryony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	bryony	bryony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
25	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	29	nsubj	_	_
26	with	with	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	shiny	shiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
28	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	berries	berry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nmod	_	_
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Bryony | a climbing plant |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **find** | participle |  | a climbing plant *not said here* |  | hedges in Britain and Europe |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **does** | present | two kinds with shiny red berries in autumn |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bryony is also a girl's name (a name).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bryony:m2:1
# text = Bryony is also a girl's name (a name).
1	Bryony	bryony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Bryony | a girl's name |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bryony climbed all over the hedge by the lane.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bryony:x1:1
# text = Bryony climbed all over the hedge by the lane.
1	Bryony	Bryony	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	climbed	climb	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	all	all	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	over	over	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hedge	hedge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	lane	lane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **climb** | past | Bryony |  |  | the hedge |  | by the lane; all *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over hedge=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bright red berries of bryony are poisonous.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bryony:x2:1
# text = The bright red berries of bryony are poisonous.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	berries	berry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	bryony	bryony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the bright red berries of bryony |  |  |  |  | poisonous *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never eat hedge berries like bryony.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bryony:x3:1
# text = Never eat hedge berries like bryony.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	eat	eat	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	hedge	hedge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	berries	berry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	bryony	bryony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **eat** | imperative | you *not said here* | hedge berries |  |  |  | like bryony | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent berry=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
White bryony holds on with curly tendrils.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bryony:x4:1
# text = White bryony holds on with curly tendrils.
1	White	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	bryony	bryony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	curly	curly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	tendrils	tendril	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold on** | present | White bryony |  |  |  |  | with curly tendrils | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In autumn the bryony berries hung like red beads.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bryony:x5:1
# text = In autumn the bryony berries hung like red beads.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	bryony	bryony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	berries	berry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	hung	hang	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	beads	bead	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hang** | participle · passive |  | the bryony berries |  |  | autumn | like red beads | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bryony is the name of the girl who sits next to me.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bryony:x6:1
# text = Bryony is the name of the girl who sits next to me.
1	Bryony	bryony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	sits	sit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	next	next	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Bryony | the name |  |  |  | of the girl | tree rules |
| 2 | **sit** | present | the girl |  | me |  |  | next *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher pointed out bryony on our nature walk and warned us not to touch it.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bryony:x7:1
# text = The teacher pointed out bryony on our nature walk and warned us not to touch it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	pointed	point	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	bryony	bryony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	nature	nature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	walk	walk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	warned	warn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
12	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	touch	touch	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	11	ccomp	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **point out** | past | the teacher | bryony |  | our nature walk |  |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bryony=Patient |
| 2 | **warn** *speech: warn* | past | the teacher *not said here* |  | us |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP how S\_INF»: agent=Agent we=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 3 | **not** **touch** | to-infinitive |  | bryony |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme |
| 4 | **walk** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom walk «act transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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