---
title: buckwheat — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «buckwheat» in the school dictionary: A plant grown for its small, triangle-shaped seeds, which are cooked like grain or ground into flour. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# buckwheat

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Buckwheat, Grandma, Buckwheat pancakes, friend, Bees, Ukrainian families · **What happens:** grow, shape, cook, use, not be, make · **To what, where:** plant, small shaped seeds, flour, seeds, buckwheat porridge, Soba noodles

<!-- .vabout -->
«buckwheat» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [buckwheat in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/buckwheat.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A plant grown for its small, triangle-shaped seeds, which are cooked like grain or ground into flour.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buckwheat:m1:1
# text = A plant grown for its small, triangle-shaped seeds, which are cooked like grain or ground into flour.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
6	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	triangle	triangle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	_
11	seeds	seed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	cooked	cook	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	conj	_	_
16	like	like	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	grain	grain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
20	into	into	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	flour	flour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | participle |  | a plant *not said here* |  |  |  | for plant's small shaped seeds | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **shape** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **cook** | present · passive |  | plant's small shaped seeds |  |  |  | into flour *result*; like grain or ground | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.result»: subject=Patient into flour=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The seeds or flour of this plant, used for porridge, pancakes and noodles.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buckwheat:m2:1
# text = The seeds or flour of this plant, used for porridge, pancakes and noodles.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	seeds	seed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	flour	flour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	porridge	porridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	pancakes	pancake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	noodles	noodle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  | the seeds or flour of this plant *not said here* |  |  |  | for porridge and pancakes and noodles | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Buckwheat is not related to wheat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buckwheat:x1:1
# text = Buckwheat is not related to wheat.
1	Buckwheat	buckwheat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	related	related	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	wheat	wheat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | Buckwheat |  |  |  |  | to wheat; related *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma cooks buckwheat porridge for breakfast.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buckwheat:x2:1
# text = Grandma cooks buckwheat porridge for breakfast.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cooks	cook	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	buckwheat	buckwheat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	porridge	porridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	breakfast	breakfast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cook** | present | Grandma | buckwheat porridge |  |  |  | for breakfast | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent porridge=Material for breakfast=Beneficiary |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Soba noodles are made from buckwheat flour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buckwheat:x3:1
# text = Soba noodles are made from buckwheat flour.
1	Soba	Soba	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	noodles	noodle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	buckwheat	buckwheat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	flour	flour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Soba noodles |  | buckwheat flour |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from flour=Material |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Buckwheat pancakes are popular in Brittany.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buckwheat:x4:1
# text = Buckwheat pancakes are popular in Brittany.
1	Buckwheat	buckwheat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	pancakes	pancake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	popular	popular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Brittany	Brittany	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Buckwheat pancakes |  |  | Brittany |  | popular *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My friend eats buckwheat because it has no gluten.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buckwheat:x5:1
# text = My friend eats buckwheat because it has no gluten.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	buckwheat	buckwheat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	9	det	_	_
9	gluten	gluten	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | My friend | buckwheat |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent buckwheat=Patient |
| 2 | **have** | present | friend | no gluten |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gluten=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bees love buckwheat flowers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buckwheat:x6:1
# text = Bees love buckwheat flowers.
1	Bees	bee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	love	love	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	buckwheat	buckwheat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **love** | present | Bees | buckwheat flowers |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer flower=Stimulus |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ukrainian families often eat buckwheat with mushrooms.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buckwheat:x7:1
# text = Ukrainian families often eat buckwheat with mushrooms.
1	Ukrainian	ukrainian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	families	family	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	often	often	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	buckwheat	buckwheat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	mushrooms	mushroom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | Ukrainian families | buckwheat |  |  |  | with mushrooms; often *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent buckwheat=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then they gave him the dog, and a buckwheat hearth-cake as provision by the way.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buckwheat:x8:1
# text = Then they gave him the dog, and a buckwheat hearth-cake as provision by the way.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
10	buckwheat	buckwheat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
11	hearth	hearth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	provision	provision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | they | the dog | him *= he* |  | then | by the way; a buckwheat hearth cake as provision *obl* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient dog=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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