---
title: buddha — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «buddha» in the school dictionary: The Buddha was a teacher who lived in ancient India and started the religion of Buddhism. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# buddha

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Buddha, teacher, We, Buddhists, small stone, RE lesson · **What happens:** be, live, start, become, enlighten, teach · **To what, where:** teacher, ancient India, religion, person, Buddhism, statue · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«buddha» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [buddha in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/buddha.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Buddha was a teacher who lived in ancient India and started the religion of Buddhism.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buddha:m1:1
# text = The Buddha was a teacher who lived in ancient India and started the religion of Buddhism.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	India	India	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	religion	religion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Buddhism	Buddhism	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the Buddha | a teacher |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **live** | past | a teacher |  |  | ancient India |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in india=Location |
| 3 | **start** | past | a teacher *not said here* | the religion of Buddhism |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent religion=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A buddha is a person who, in Buddhism, has become fully awake or enlightened.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buddha:m2:1
# text = A buddha is a person who, in Buddhism, has become fully awake or enlightened.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	buddha	buddha	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Buddhism	Buddhism	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	become	become	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	parataxis	_	_
13	fully	fully	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	awake	awake	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	enlightened	enlighten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a buddha | a person |  | Buddhism |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **become** | present · perfect |  |  |  |  |  | awake *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **enlighten** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A Buddha is a statue or picture of the Buddha.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buddha:m3:1
# text = A Buddha is a statue or picture of the Buddha.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Buddha	buddha	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	statue	statue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a Buddha | a statue or picture of the Buddha |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Buddha taught people to be kind to all living things.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buddha:x1:1
# text = The Buddha taught people to be kind to all living things.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	taught	teach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
7	kind	kind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	det	_	_
10	living	live	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	amod	_	_
11	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | past | the Buddha |  | people |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent people=Recipient |
| 2 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | to all living things; kind *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **live** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We saw a huge golden Buddha in the temple.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buddha:x2:1
# text = We saw a huge golden Buddha in the temple.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	temple	temple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | We | a huge golden Buddha |  | the temple |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer buddha=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Buddhists follow the teachings of the Buddha.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buddha:x3:1
# text = Buddhists follow the teachings of the Buddha.
1	Buddhists	buddhist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	follow	follow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	teachings	teaching	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | present | Buddhists | the teachings of the Buddha |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent teaching=Theme |
| 2 | **teach** |  |  | the Buddha |  |  |  |  | nom teaching «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There is a small stone Buddha in Aunt May's garden.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buddha:x4:1
# text = There is a small stone Buddha in Aunt May's garden.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
6	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	Aunt	Aunt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	_
9	May	May	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
11	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a small stone |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Buddha sat under a tree to think.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buddha:x5:1
# text = The Buddha sat under a tree to think.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	under	under	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	think	think	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | the Buddha |  |  | a tree |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under tree=Location |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | the Buddha *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our RE lesson was about the life of the Buddha.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buddha:x6:1
# text = Our RE lesson was about the life of the Buddha.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	RE	re	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Our RE lesson |  |  |  |  | about the life; of the Buddha | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
May Buddha help me or I am lost.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buddha:x7:1
# text = May Buddha help me or I am lost.
1	May	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | may | Buddha |  | me |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **lose** | present · passive |  | I |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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