---
title: building — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «building» in the school dictionary: A structure with walls and a roof, such as a house, school, shop or church. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# building

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** work, building, we, school, tallest building, you · **What happens:** make, be, put, build, have, leave · **To what, where:** houses, hard work, something, parts, den, big brick building

<!-- .vabout -->
«building» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [building in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/building.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A structure with walls and a roof, such as a house, school, shop or church.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:building:m1:1
# text = A structure with walls and a roof, such as a house, school, shop or church.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	structure	structure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	12	case	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	fixed	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The work of making houses and other structures: «building is hard work».

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:building:m2:1
# text = The work of making houses and other structures: «building is hard work».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	making	make	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	houses	house	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	structures	structure	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
13	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | gerund | the work *not said here* | houses and other structures |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset house=Product |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | building | hard work |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb form — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Making something by putting parts together: «we are building a den».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:building:m3:1
# text = Making something by putting parts together: «we are building a den».
1	Making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obj	_	_
3	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	putting	put	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
5	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	together	together	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	building	build	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	den	den	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | gerund |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset something=Product |
| 2 | **put** | gerund |  | parts |  |  |  | together *property* | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent part=Goal |
| 3 | **build** *in a quote* | present · progressive | we | a den |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent den=Product |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our school is a big brick building.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:building:x1:1
# text = Our school is a big brick building.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	brick	brick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Our school | a big brick building |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The tallest building in town has twenty floors.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:building:x2:1
# text = The tallest building in town has twenty floors.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	tallest	tall	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	amod	_	_
3	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	twenty	twenty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	floors	floor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the tallest building in town | twenty floors |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent floor=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a fire drill, we leave the building quietly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:building:x3:1
# text = In a fire drill, we leave the building quietly.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	drill	drill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	leave	leave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	quietly	quietly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | present | we | the building |  | a fire drill |  | quietly *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent building=Theme in drill=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We are building a tower with blocks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:building:x4:1
# text = We are building a tower with blocks.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	building	build	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	tower	tower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	blocks	block	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | present · progressive | We | a tower |  |  |  | with blocks | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent tower=Theme with block=Source |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Keep out of building sites; they are dangerous.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:building:x5:1
# text = Keep out of building sites; they are dangerous.
1	Keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	out	out	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	sites	site	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep out** | imperative | you *not said here* | building sites |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent site=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | sites *= site* |  |  |  |  | dangerous *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The library is the oldest building on our street.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:building:x6:1
# text = The library is the oldest building on our street.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	library	library	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	oldest	old	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	amod	_	_
6	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	street	street	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the library | the oldest building |  | our street |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The building has 6 floors with 4 flats on each, so 24 flats in all.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:building:x7:1
# text = The building has 6 floors with 4 flats on each, so 24 flats in all.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	floors	floor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	flats	flat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	24	24	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	flats	flat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the building | 6 floors and 24 flats in all |  |  |  | with 4 flats on each | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent floor=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The building is the Warton Almshouse.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:building:x8:1
# text = The building is the Warton Almshouse.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Warton	Warton	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	Almshouse	Almshouse	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the building | the Warton Almshouse |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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