---
title: bulb — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «bulb» in the school dictionary: A bulb (light bulb) is the glass part of a lamp that gives out light when electricity flows through it. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# bulb

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** bulb, glass part, electricity, new plant, we, Dad · **What happens:** be, give out, flow, grow, lit up, close · **To what, where:** glass part, light, bulb, round underground part, round swollen part, switch

<!-- .vabout -->
«bulb» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [bulb in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/bulb.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bulb (light bulb) is the glass part of a lamp that gives out light when electricity flows through it.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bulb:m1:1
# text = A bulb (light bulb) is the glass part of a lamp that gives out light when electricity flows through it.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bulb	bulb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	bulb	bulb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	5	punct	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	lamp	lamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
16	out	out	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
17	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	20	mark	_	_
19	electricity	electricity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	flows	flow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	advcl	_	_
21	through	through	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a bulb | the glass part |  |  |  | of a lamp | tree rules |
| 2 | **give out** | present | the glass part | light |  |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent light=Theme |
| 3 | **flow** | present | electricity |  |  | bulb |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through it=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bulb is the round underground part of some plants, like tulips, onions and daffodils, from which a new plant grows.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bulb:m2:1
# text = A bulb is the round underground part of some plants, like tulips, onions and daffodils, from which a new plant grows.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bulb	bulb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	round	round	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	underground	underground	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	10	det	_	_
10	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	tulips	tulip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	onions	onion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	daffodils	daffodil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
19	from	from	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	24	obl	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
24	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a bulb | the round underground part |  |  |  | of some plants and tulips and onions and daffodils | tree rules |
| 2 | **grow** | present | a new plant |  |  |  |  | from the round underground part | vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.product V PP.patient»: agent=Product from which=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bulb is any round, swollen part, like the bulb of a thermometer.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bulb:m3:1
# text = A bulb is any round, swollen part, like the bulb of a thermometer.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bulb	bulb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	det	_	_
5	round	round	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	swollen	swollen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	bulb	bulb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	thermometer	thermometer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a bulb | any round swollen part and the bulb of a thermometer |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bulb lit up when we closed the switch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bulb:x1:1
# text = The bulb lit up when we closed the switch.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bulb	bulb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	lit	lit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	7	mark	_	_
6	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	closed	close	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	switch	switch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lit up** | participle |  | the bulb *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **close** | past | we | the switch |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent switch=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad changed the bulb in the kitchen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bulb:x2:1
# text = Dad changed the bulb in the kitchen.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	changed	change	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bulb	bulb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | past | Dad | the bulb |  | the kitchen |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bulb=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We planted tulip bulbs in the autumn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bulb:x3:1
# text = We planted tulip bulbs in the autumn.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	planted	plant	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	tulip	tulip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	bulbs	bulb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **plant** | past | We | tulip bulbs |  |  | autumn |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bulb=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An onion is a bulb.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bulb:x4:1
# text = An onion is a bulb.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	onion	onion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bulb	bulb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a onion | a bulb |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The red liquid rose from the bulb of the thermometer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bulb:x5:1
# text = The red liquid rose from the bulb of the thermometer.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bulb	bulb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	thermometer	thermometer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | past | the red liquid |  |  | the bulb of the thermometer |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from bulb=Initial\_Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I had a light-bulb moment and solved the puzzle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bulb:x6:1
# text = I had a light-bulb moment and solved the puzzle.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	bulb	bulb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	moment	moment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	solved	solve	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	puzzle	puzzle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | I |  |  |  | moment |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **solve** | past | I *not said here* | the puzzle |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent puzzle=Topic |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The drops penetrated through the snowy covering down into the earth, and touched the flower-bulb, and talked of the bright world above.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bulb:x7:1
# text = The drops penetrated through the snowy covering down into the earth, and touched the flower-bulb, and talked of the bright world above.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	drops	drop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
3	penetrated	penetrate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	through	through	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	snowy	snowy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obl	_	_
7	covering	cover	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
8	down	down	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	into	into	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	touched	touch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
16	flower	flower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	bulb	bulb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	talked	talk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
26	above	above	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **penetrate** | participle |  | the drops *not said here* |  | the snowy |  |  | vn poke-19 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **cover down** | gerund |  |  |  | the earth |  | down *property* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **touch** | past | the drops | the flower bulb |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme bulb=Co-Theme |
| 4 | **talk** | past | the drops *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of the bright world; above *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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