---
title: bung — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «bung» in the school dictionary: A stopper or plug that closes a hole in a barrel, bottle or sink. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# bung

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** stopper, bung, you, old telly, I · **What happens:** close, put, throw, bung, block up, bung up · **To what, where:** hole, something, bag, nose, money, unfair advantage · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«bung» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [bung in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/bung.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A stopper or plug that closes a hole in a barrel, bottle or sink.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bung:m1:1
# text = A stopper or plug that closes a hole in a barrel, bottle or sink.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	stopper	stopper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	plug	plug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	closes	close	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	barrel	barrel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	bottle	bottle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	sink	sink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **close** | present | a stopper or plug | a hole |  |  |  | in a barrel and bottle or sink | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent hole=Patient in barrel=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb, UK, informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To put or throw something somewhere quickly and carelessly: «just bung it in the bag».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bung:m2:1
# text = To put or throw something somewhere quickly and carelessly: «just bung it in the bag».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	throw	throw	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obj	_	_
6	somewhere	somewhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	4	advmod	_	_
7	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	carelessly	carelessly	ADV	RB	_	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	just	just	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	bung	bung	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **throw** | infinitive |  | something |  |  |  | quickly, somewhere *property* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |
| 3 | **bung** *in a quote* |  | bung |  |  | the bag |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To block something up: «my nose is all bunged up».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bung:m3:1
# text = To block something up: «my nose is all bunged up».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	block	block	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
10	all	all	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	bunged	bung	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	_
12	up	up	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **block up** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer something=Theme |
| 2 | **bung up** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | my nose |  |  |  | all *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun, UK, slang — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bribe: money given secretly to get an unfair advantage.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bung:m4:1
# text = A bribe: money given secretly to get an unfair advantage.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bribe	bribe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
4	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	secretly	secretly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	unfair	unfair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	advantage	advantage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | participle |  | money *not said here* |  |  |  | secretly *property* | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **get** | to-infinitive |  | a unfair advantage |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer advantage=Stimulus |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Australia, informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Go bung» means break down or stop working.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bung:m5:1
# text = «Go bung» means break down or stop working.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Go	go	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
3	bung	bung	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	break	break	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
7	down	down	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	stop	stop	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
10	working	work	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | bung |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location bung=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **break down** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **stop** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 5 | **work** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bung your coat on the chair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bung:x1:1
# text = Bung your coat on the chair.
1	Bung	bung	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	chair	chair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Can you bung the pizza in the oven?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bung:x2:1
# text = Can you bung the pizza in the oven?
1	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	bung	bung	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pizza	pizza	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	oven	oven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bung** | can | you | the pizza |  | the oven |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My nose is all bunged up with a cold.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bung:x3:1
# text = My nose is all bunged up with a cold.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	all	all	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	bunged	bung	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bung up** | present · passive |  | My nose |  |  |  | with a cold; all *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Put the bung back in the barrel.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bung:x4:1
# text = Put the bung back in the barrel.
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	bung	bung	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	back	back	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	barrel	barrel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put back** | imperative | you *not said here* | the bung |  | the barrel |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent bung=Theme in barrel=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The football agent was accused of taking a bung.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bung:x5:1
# text = The football agent was accused of taking a bung.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	agent	agent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	accused	accuse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	taking	take	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	bung	bung	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accuse** | past · passive |  | the football agent |  |  |  |  | vn suspect-81 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **take** | gerund |  | a bung |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bung=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old telly's gone bung again (Australia).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bung:x6:1
# text = The old telly's gone bung again (Australia).
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	telly	telly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	gone	gone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	bung	bung	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	again	again	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the old telly | gone bung |  |  | again |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't stand there like a ridiculous oaf, for I must go back again directly to my bung and my cask."

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bung:x7:1
# text = Don't stand there like a ridiculous oaf, for I must go back again directly to my bung and my cask."
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	stand	stand	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	ridiculous	ridiculous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	oaf	oaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
14	back	back	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
15	again	again	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
16	directly	directly	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	bung	bung	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	cask	cask	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **stand** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  | there |  | like a ridiculous oaf | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **go back** | must | I |  |  |  | again | to my bung and my cask *result* | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to bung=Result |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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