---
title: bureau — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «bureau» in the school dictionary: An office or government department that does a special job, such as the FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) or a tourist information bureau. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# bureau

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** government department, lid, Bureau, We, FBI, Grandma · **What happens:** do, fold down, say, change, be, keep · **To what, where:** special job, money, de change, Federal Bureau, letters, old wooden bureau · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«bureau» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [bureau in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/bureau.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An office or government department that does a special job, such as the FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) or a tourist information bureau.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bureau:m1:1
# text = An office or government department that does a special job, such as the FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) or a tourist information bureau.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	office	office	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	department	department	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	15	case	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	fixed	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	FBI	FBI	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	Federal	federal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	Bureau	Bureau	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Investigation	Investigation	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	18	punct	_	_
22	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
24	tourist	tourist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	information	information	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	bureau	bureau	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present | government department | a special job |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A writing desk with drawers and a lid that folds down.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bureau:m2:1
# text = A writing desk with drawers and a lid that folds down.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	desk	desk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	drawers	drawer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	lid	lid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	folds	fold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	down	down	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fold down** | present | a lid |  |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: US — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A chest of drawers for clothes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bureau:m3:1
# text = A chest of drawers for clothes.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	chest	chest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	drawers	drawer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Bureau of Meteorology says it will rain tomorrow. (Australia)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The Bureau of Meteorology says it will rain tomorrow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bureau:x1:1
# text = The Bureau of Meteorology says it will rain tomorrow.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Bureau	Bureau	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Meteorology	meteorology	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
8	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	tomorrow	tomorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the Bureau of Meteorology |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Australia)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bureau:x1:2
# text = (Australia)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We changed our money at a bureau de change.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bureau:x2:1
# text = We changed our money at a bureau de change.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	changed	change	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	bureau	bureau	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	de	de	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | past | We | our money |  | a de change |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The FBI is the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bureau:x3:1
# text = The FBI is the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	FBI	FBI	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Federal	federal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	Bureau	Bureau	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Investigation	Investigation	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the FBI | the Federal Bureau |  |  |  | of Investigation | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma keeps her letters in an old wooden bureau.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bureau:x4:1
# text = Grandma keeps her letters in an old wooden bureau.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	wooden	wooden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	bureau	bureau	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | Grandma | Grandma's letters |  | a old wooden bureau |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent letter=Theme in bureau=Location |
| 2 | **letter** |  | Grandma |  |  |  |  |  | nom letter «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My socks are in the top drawer of the bureau. (US)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* My socks are in the top drawer of the bureau.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bureau:x5:1
# text = My socks are in the top drawer of the bureau.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	socks	sock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	top	top	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	drawer	drawer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	bureau	bureau	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | My socks |  |  | the top drawer |  | of the bureau | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (US)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bureau:x5:2
# text = (US)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	US	US	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ask at the tourist bureau for a map.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bureau:x6:1
# text = Ask at the tourist bureau for a map.
1	Ask	ask	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	tourist	tourist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	bureau	bureau	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the tourist bureau |  | for a map | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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