---
title: busk — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «busk» in the school dictionary: To busk is to play music, sing, juggle or perform in a public place, such as a street or station, for money from people passing by. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# busk

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, people, man, big brother, juggler, I · **What happens:** busk, be, sing, juggle, perform, pass by · **To what, where:** public place, it, something, coins, hat, market

<!-- .vabout -->
«busk» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [busk in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/busk.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To busk is to play music, sing, juggle or perform in a public place, such as a street or station, for money from people passing by.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:busk:m1:1
# text = To busk is to play music, sing, juggle or perform in a public place, such as a street or station, for money from people passing by.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	busk	busk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	play	play	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
6	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	sing	sing	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	juggle	juggle	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	perform	perform	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	21	case	_	_
19	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	fixed	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	street	street	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
22	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	station	station	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	for	for	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
27	from	from	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nmod	_	_
29	passing	pass	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	28	acl	_	_
30	by	by	ADP	IN	_	29	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **busk** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | play *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **sing** *speech: express* | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **juggle** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **perform** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  | a public place such a street or station |  | for money from people | vn performance-26.7 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for money=Beneficiary |
| 6 | **pass by** | gerund | people *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To busk it is to improvise, to do something without preparing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:busk:m2:1
# text = To busk it is to improvise, to do something without preparing.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	busk	busk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	improvise	improvise	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	do	do	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
10	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	obj	_	_
11	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
12	preparing	prepare	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **busk** | to-infinitive |  | it |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | improvise *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |
| 4 | **prepare** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A man was busking with his guitar outside the station.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:busk:x1:1
# text = A man was busking with his guitar outside the station.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	busking	busk	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	guitar	guitar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	outside	outside	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	station	station	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **busk** | past · progressive | a man |  |  |  |  | with man's guitar outside the station | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
People threw coins into the busker's hat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:busk:x2:1
# text = People threw coins into the busker's hat.
1	People	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	threw	throw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	coins	coin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	busker	busker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **throw** | past | People | coins |  |  |  | into the busker's hat *result* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer coin=Theme into hat=Result |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My big brother busks at the market on Saturdays.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:busk:x3:1
# text = My big brother busks at the market on Saturdays.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	busks	busk	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	market	market	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Saturdays	Saturday	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **busk** | present | My big brother |  |  | the market on Saturdays |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You may need a licence to busk in some cities.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:busk:x4:1
# text = You may need a licence to busk in some cities.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	need	need	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	licence	licence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	busk	busk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	10	det	_	_
10	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | may | You | a licence |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot licence=Theme |
| 2 | **busk** | to-infinitive | You *not said here* | a licence *not said here* |  | some cities |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The juggler busked for the crowd in Covent Garden.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:busk:x5:1
# text = The juggler busked for the crowd in Covent Garden.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	juggler	juggler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	busked	busk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	Covent	Covent	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	Garden	Garden	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **busk** | past | the juggler |  |  |  |  | for the crowd in Covent Garden | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I forgot my notes, so I had to busk it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:busk:x6:1
# text = I forgot my notes, so I had to busk it.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	forgot	forget	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	notes	note	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	busk	busk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forget** | past | I | my notes |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **busk** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | it |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **note** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom note «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She started busking at fifteen and is now a famous singer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:busk:x7:1
# text = She started busking at fifteen and is now a famous singer.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	busking	busk	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	fifteen	fifteen	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
8	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	singer	singer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | past | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **busk** | gerund | She *not said here* |  |  | fifteen |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present | She *not said here* | a famous singer |  |  | now |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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