---
title: buyer — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «buyer» in the school dictionary: A person who buys something: the buyer of the house. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# buyer

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** person, buyer, seller, wise buyer, Mum, change · **What happens:** buy, choose, pay, want, offer, find · **To what, where:** something, fashion buyer, goods, 20 pounds, 50 dollars, 40

<!-- .vabout -->
«buyer» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [buyer in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/buyer.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who buys something: the buyer of the house.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buyer:m1:1
# text = A person who buys something: the buyer of the house.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	buys	buy	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	buyer	buyer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | present | a person | something |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person whose job is choosing and buying goods for a shop or company: a fashion buyer.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buyer:m2:1
# text = A person whose job is choosing and buying goods for a shop or company: a fashion buyer.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	choosing	choose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	buying	buy	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
9	goods	goods	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	8	obj	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	fashion	fashioned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	buyer	buyer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **choose** | present · progressive | a person | a fashion buyer |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **buy** | gerund | a person *not said here* | goods |  |  |  | for a shop or company | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent goods=Theme for shop=Beneficiary |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The buyer paid 20 pounds for the bike.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buyer:x1:1
# text = The buyer paid 20 pounds for the bike.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	buyer	buyer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	paid	pay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	pounds	pound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	bike	bike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pay** | past | the buyer | 20 pounds |  |  |  | for the bike | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent pound=Asset for bike=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The seller wants 50 dollars but the buyer offers 40.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buyer:x2:1
# text = The seller wants 50 dollars but the buyer offers 40.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	seller	seller	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wants	want	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	50	50	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	buyer	buyer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	offers	offer	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	40	40	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **want** | present | the seller | 50 dollars |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot dollar=Theme |
| 2 | **offer** | present | the buyer | 40 |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent 40=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The house has found a buyer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buyer:x3:1
# text = The house has found a buyer.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	buyer	buyer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | present · perfect · passive |  | the house |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme buyer=Attribute |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A wise buyer compares prices before choosing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buyer:x4:1
# text = A wise buyer compares prices before choosing.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	wise	wise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	buyer	buyer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	compares	compare	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	prices	price	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	choosing	choose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **compare** | present | a wise buyer | prices |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent price=Patient |
| 2 | **choose** | gerund | a wise buyer *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum is a buyer for a big toy shop.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buyer:x5:1
# text = Mum is a buyer for a big toy shop.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	buyer	buyer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	toy	toy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Mum | a buyer |  |  |  | for a big toy shop | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If the buyer gives 10 dollars for a 7-dollar book, the change is 3 dollars.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buyer:x6:1
# text = If the buyer gives 10 dollars for a 7-dollar book, the change is 3 dollars.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	buyer	buyer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	advcl	_	_
5	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
9	7	7	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	dollar	dollar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
17	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	18	nummod	_	_
18	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | the buyer | 10 dollars |  |  |  | for a dollar book | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent dollar=Theme for book=Asset |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the change | 3 dollars |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Presently a buyer came along and asked if the Sow produced good litters.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:buyer:x7:1
# text = Presently a buyer came along and asked if the Sow produced good litters.
1	Presently	presently	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	buyer	buyer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	along	along	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
8	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Sow	Sow	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	produced	produce	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	ccomp	_	_
12	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	litters	litter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come along** | past | a buyer |  |  |  |  | along, presently *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | a buyer *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **produce** *a condition, not said to happen* | past | the Sow | good litters |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent litter=Result |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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