---
title: cage — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cage» in the school dictionary: A cage is a box or room made of bars or wire that keeps animals or birds inside. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cage

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** cage, wire, rib cage, chest, 4 birds, pet shop · **What happens:** be, make, keep, protect, have, put · **To what, where:** box room, animals, animal, cage, set, heart

<!-- .vabout -->
«cage» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cage in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cage.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cage is a box or room made of bars or wire that keeps animals or birds inside.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cage:m1:1
# text = A cage is a box or room made of bars or wire that keeps animals or birds inside.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cage	cage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	box	box	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	bars	bar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	wire	wire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
15	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	_
18	inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a cage | box room |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | box room *not said here* |  |  |  | of bars or wire | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **keep** | present | wire | animals or birds |  |  |  | inside *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To cage an animal is to put it or keep it in a cage.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cage:m2:1
# text = To cage an animal is to put it or keep it in a cage.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	cage	cage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:outer	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	cage	cage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | cage |  |  |  |  | put *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **keep** | infinitive | cage *not said here* | animal |  | a cage |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent it=Theme in cage=Location |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rib cage is the set of bones round your chest that protects your heart and lungs.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cage:m3:1
# text = The rib cage is the set of bones round your chest that protects your heart and lungs.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	rib	rib	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	cage	cage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	set	set	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
9	round	round	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	chest	chest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	protects	protect	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
14	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	lungs	lung	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the rib cage | the set |  |  |  | of bones round your chest | tree rules |
| 2 | **protect** | present | your chest | your heart and lungs |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Beneficiary |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There are 4 birds in each cage.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cage:x1:1
# text = There are 4 birds in each cage.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	cage	cage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | 4 birds |  |  | each cage; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cage=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pet shop has 9 cages.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cage:x2:1
# text = The pet shop has 9 cages.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	pet	pet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	9	9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	cages	cage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the pet shop | 9 cages |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cage=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
20 rabbits are put in 5 cages.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cage:x3:1
# text = 20 rabbits are put in 5 cages.
1	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	rabbits	rabbit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	cages	cage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | present · passive |  | 20 rabbits |  | 5 cages |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in cage=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many cages are needed for 30 mice?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cage:x4:1
# text = How many cages are needed for 30 mice?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	cages	cage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	needed	need	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	30	30	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	mice	mouse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present · passive |  | many cages |  |  |  | for 30 mice | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Clean the hamster's cage every week.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cage:x5:1
# text = Clean the hamster's cage every week.
1	Clean	clean	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	hamster	hamster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	cage	cage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clean** | imperative | you *not said here* | the hamster's cage |  |  | week |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent cage=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The parrot flew out of its open cage.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cage:x6:1
# text = The parrot flew out of its open cage.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	parrot	parrot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	cage	cage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly out** | past | the parrot | parrot's open cage |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cage=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your rib cage protects your heart and lungs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cage:x7:1
# text = Your rib cage protects your heart and lungs.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	rib	rib	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	cage	cage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	protects	protect	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	lungs	lung	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **protect** | present | Your rib cage | your heart and lungs |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Beneficiary |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Zoos now use big open spaces instead of small cages.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cage:x8:1
# text = Zoos now use big open spaces instead of small cages.
1	Zoos	zoo	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
3	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	spaces	space	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=ADP	10	case	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	cages	cage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | Zoos | big open spaces |  |  | now | instead small cages | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent space=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And beside the beautiful cage was the cage of gold.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cage:x9:1
# text = And beside the beautiful cage was the cage of gold.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
2	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	cage	cage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	cage	cage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | the cage |  | the beautiful cage |  | of gold | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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