---
title: calamus — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «calamus» in the school dictionary: A sweet-smelling water plant with a long root that was once used as medicine. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# calamus

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**Who acts:** Brer Fox, calamus, Old healers · **What happens:** smell, use, dig up · **To what, where:** long root, calamus root, pond, root

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«calamus» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [calamus in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/calamus.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sweet-smelling water plant with a long root that was once used as medicine.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:calamus:m1:1
# text = A sweet-smelling water plant with a long root that was once used as medicine.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
2	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	smelling	smell	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	amod	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	root	root	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
13	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	14	advmod	_	_
14	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl:relcl	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smell** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn smell\_emission-43.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **use** | past · passive |  | a long root |  |  |  | as medicine; once *property* | vn spend\_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Duration as medicine=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Brer Fox dug up a calamus root.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:calamus:x1:1
# text = Brer Fox dug up a calamus root.
1	Brer	Brer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	Fox	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	dug	dig	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	calamus	calamus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	root	root	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dig up** | past | Brer Fox | a calamus root |  |  |  |  | vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent root=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The calamus smelled sweet in the pond.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:calamus:x2:1
# text = The calamus smelled sweet in the pond.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	calamus	calamus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	smelled	smell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smell** | past | the calamus |  |  | the pond |  | sweet *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Old healers used its root as medicine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:calamus:x3:1
# text = Old healers used its root as medicine.
1	Old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	healers	healer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	root	root	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | Old healers | its root |  |  |  | as medicine | vn spend\_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent root=Duration as medicine=Attribute |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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