---
title: calculating — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «calculating» in the school dictionary: The -ing form of «calculate»: working something out with numbers: «I'm calculating the total.». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# calculating

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** ing form, I, they, calculating fox, Calculating, She · **What happens:** calculate, work out, plan, get, want, trick · **To what, where:** something, total, others, much pocket money, crow, cheese

<!-- .vabout -->
«calculating» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [calculating in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/calculating.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The -ing form of «calculate»: working something out with numbers: «I'm calculating the total.».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:calculating:m1:1
# text = The -ing form of «calculate»: working something out with numbers: «I'm calculating the total.».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	ing	ing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	calculate	calculate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
10	working	work	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
11	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	obj	_	_
12	out	out	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
16	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	calculating	calculate	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	total	total	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **calculate** *in a quote* | infinitive | the ing form *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **work out** | gerund | the ing form | something |  |  |  | with numbers | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Topic |
| 3 | **calculate** *in a quote* | present · progressive | I | the total |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: of a person — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cold and sneaky, always planning how to get what they want, often by tricking others: «a calculating villain».

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:calculating:m2:1
# text = Cold and sneaky, always planning how to get what they want, often by tricking others: «a calculating villain».
1	Cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	sneaky	sneaky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	6	advmod	_	_
6	planning	plan	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
7	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
10	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	12	obj	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	want	want	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	often	often	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
15	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
16	tricking	trick	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	conj	_	_
17	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
19	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	calculating	calculate	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	22	amod	_	_
22	villain	villain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **plan** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | always *property* | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **get** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **want** | present | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot what=Theme |
| 4 | **trick** | gerund |  | others |  |  |  | often *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **calculate** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I'm calculating how much pocket money I'll have by summer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:calculating:x1:1
# text = I'm calculating how much pocket money I'll have by summer.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	calculating	calculate	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
5	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	pocket	pocket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	'll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	acl:relcl	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **calculate** | present · progressive | I | much pocket money |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | future | I | much pocket money *not said here* |  |  | summer |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The calculating fox tricked the crow out of her cheese.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:calculating:x2:1
# text = The calculating fox tricked the crow out of her cheese.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	calculating	calculating	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	fox	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	tricked	trick	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	crow	crow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	out	out	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	cheese	cheese	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trick** | past | the calculating fox | the crow |  | fox's cheese |  |  | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crow=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Calculating the area of a rectangle is easy: length times width.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:calculating:x3:1
# text = Calculating the area of a rectangle is easy: length times width.
1	Calculating	calculate	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	csubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	rectangle	rectangle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	easy	easy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	length	length	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	compound	_	_
12	width	width	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **calculate** | gerund |  | the area of a rectangle |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | Calculating |  |  |  |  | times width *obl*; easy *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She gave him a cold, calculating look.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:calculating:x4:1
# text = She gave him a cold, calculating look.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	calculating	calculate	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
8	look	look	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | She | a cold | him *= he* |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient cold=Theme |
| 2 | **calculate** | gerund | She *not said here* | look |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Early calculating machines were huge.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:calculating:x5:1
# text = Early calculating machines were huge.
1	Early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	calculating	calculating	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	machines	machine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Early calculating machines |  |  |  |  | huge *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Use a calculator when calculating big numbers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:calculating:x6:1
# text = Use a calculator when calculating big numbers.
1	Use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	calculator	calculator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
5	calculating	calculate	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
6	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | imperative | you *not said here* | a calculator |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent calculator=Patient |
| 2 | **calculate** | gerund | you *not said here* | big numbers |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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