---
title: cannonball — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cannonball» in the school dictionary: A cannonball is a heavy round metal or stone ball that used to be fired from a cannon. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cannonball

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** cannonball, stone ball, chest, pirates, You, Jake · **What happens:** be, use, fire, tuck up, make, cannonball · **To what, where:** heavy round metal, cannon, jump, swimming pool, knees, chest · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«cannonball» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cannonball in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cannonball.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cannonball is a heavy round metal or stone ball that used to be fired from a cannon.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cannonball:m1:1
# text = A cannonball is a heavy round metal or stone ball that used to be fired from a cannon.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cannonball	cannonball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	round	round	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
14	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	fired	fire	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	xcomp	_	_
16	from	from	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	cannon	cannon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a cannonball | a heavy round metal or stone ball |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | past | stone ball |  |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **fire** | to-infinitive · passive | stone ball *not said here* |  |  | a cannon |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: from cannon=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cannonball is a jump into a swimming pool with your knees tucked up to your chest, which makes a big splash.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cannonball:m2:1
# text = A cannonball is a jump into a swimming pool with your knees tucked up to your chest, which makes a big splash.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cannonball	cannonball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	jump	jump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	swimming	swimming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	pool	pool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	knees	knee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
13	tucked	tuck	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl	_	_
14	up	up	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	chest	chest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj	_	_
20	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	acl:relcl	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	splash	splash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a cannonball | a jump |  | a swimming pool with your knees |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **tuck up** | participle |  | your knees *not said here* |  | your chest |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent to chest=Trajectory |
| 3 | **make** | present | your chest | a big splash |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset splash=Product |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To cannonball means to move very fast and with force.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cannonball:m3:1
# text = To cannonball means to move very fast and with force.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	cannonball	cannonball	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cannonball** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **move** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pirates loaded a cannonball into the cannon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cannonball:x1:1
# text = The pirates loaded a cannonball into the cannon.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pirates	pirate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	loaded	load	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cannonball	cannonball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	cannon	cannon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **load** | past | the pirates | a cannonball |  | the cannon |  |  | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent cannonball=Theme into cannon=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You can still see a cannonball stuck in the old castle wall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cannonball:x2:1
# text = You can still see a cannonball stuck in the old castle wall.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	still	still	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cannonball	cannonball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	stuck	stick	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | can | You | a cannonball |  |  | still |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cannonball=Stimulus |
| 2 | **stick** | participle |  | a cannonball *not said here* |  | the old castle wall |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme in wall=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Jake did a cannonball and soaked everyone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cannonball:x3:1
# text = Jake did a cannonball and soaked everyone.
1	Jake	Jake	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cannonball	cannonball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	soaked	soak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | Jake | a cannonball |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cannonball=Eventuality |
| 2 | **soak** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No cannonballs in the shallow end!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cannonball:x4:1
# text = No cannonballs in the shallow end!
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	cannonballs	cannonball	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	shallow	shallow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cannonball hit the ship's mast.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cannonball:x5:1
# text = The cannonball hit the ship's mast.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cannonball	cannonball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hit	hit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	mast	mast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hit** | past | the cannonball | the ship's mast |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme mast=Co-Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A heavy cannonball and a light ball fall at almost the same speed if there is little air.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cannonball:x6:1
# text = A heavy cannonball and a light ball fall at almost the same speed if there is little air.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	cannonball	cannonball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
8	fall	fall	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
10	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
14	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
15	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	16	expl	_	_
16	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
17	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | present | a heavy cannonball and a light ball |  |  | the same speed |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at speed=Location |
| 2 | **be** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | little air |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog came cannonballing down the stairs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cannonball:x7:1
# text = The dog came cannonballing down the stairs.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	cannonballing	cannonball	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
5	down	down	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	stairs	stair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the dog |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **cannonball** | gerund | the dog *not said here* |  |  |  |  | down the stairs | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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