---
title: canoe — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «canoe» in the school dictionary: A canoe is a light, narrow boat, pointed at both ends, that you move with a paddle. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# canoe

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** canoe, you, We, Maori, large canoes, Native peoples · **What happens:** be, point, move, canoe, paddle, wear · **To what, where:** light, ends, canoe, lake, life jacket, Canoes · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«canoe» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [canoe in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/canoe.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A canoe is a light, narrow boat, pointed at both ends, that you move with a paddle.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:canoe:m1:1
# text = A canoe is a light, narrow boat, pointed at both ends, that you move with a paddle.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	canoe	canoe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	narrow	narrow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	pointed	point	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	det	_	_
13	ends	end	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
16	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	move	move	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	paddle	paddle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a canoe | a light and narrow boat |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **point** | participle |  | a light and narrow boat *not said here* |  |  | at both ends |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **move** | present | you |  |  |  |  | with a paddle | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To canoe is to travel or paddle in a canoe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:canoe:m2:1
# text = To canoe is to travel or paddle in a canoe.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	canoe	canoe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	travel	travel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	paddle	paddle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	canoe	canoe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **canoe** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn vehicle-51.4.1-1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | travel *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **paddle** | infinitive |  |  |  | a canoe |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We paddled the canoe across the lake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:canoe:x1:1
# text = We paddled the canoe across the lake.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	paddled	paddle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	canoe	canoe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	across	across	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paddle** | past | We | the canoe |  | the lake |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent canoe=Theme across lake=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Always wear a life jacket in a canoe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:canoe:x2:1
# text = Always wear a life jacket in a canoe.
1	Always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	2	advmod	_	_
2	wear	wear	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	jacket	jacket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	canoe	canoe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | imperative | you *not said here* | a life jacket |  | a canoe |  | always *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent jacket=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Canoes are pointed at both ends.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:canoe:x3:1
# text = Canoes are pointed at both ends.
1	Canoes	canoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	pointed	point	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	ends	end	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **point** | present · passive |  | Canoes |  |  | at both ends |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We went canoeing on the river at camp.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:canoe:x4:1
# text = We went canoeing on the river at camp.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	canoeing	canoe	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | We |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **canoe** | gerund | We *not said here* |  |  | the river |  | at camp | vn vehicle-51.4.1-1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Maori travelled in large canoes called waka.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:canoe:x5:1
# text = The Maori travelled in large canoes called waka.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Maori	Maori	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	travelled	travel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	canoes	canoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	waka	waka	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **travel** | past | the Maori |  |  | large canoes |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in canoe=Trajectory |
| 2 | **call** | participle | large canoes *not said here* | waka |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sit still or the canoe will tip over.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:canoe:x6:1
# text = Sit still or the canoe will tip over.
1	Sit	sit	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	still	still	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	canoe	canoe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	tip	tip	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	_
8	over	over	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  | still |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **tip over** | future | the canoe |  |  |  |  | over *property* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Native peoples made canoes from birch bark.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:canoe:x7:1
# text = Native peoples made canoes from birch bark.
1	Native	native	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	canoes	canoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	birch	birch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	bark	bark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Native peoples | canoes |  | birch bark |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent canoe=Product from bark=Material |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They canoed down the river for three days.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:canoe:x8:1
# text = They canoed down the river for three days.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	canoed	canoe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	down	down	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **canoe** | past | They |  |  | the river | day |  | vn vehicle-51.4.1-1 «NP.theme V PP.location»: agent=Theme down river=Trajectory |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The canoe floated to the shore.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:canoe:x9:1
# text = The canoe floated to the shore.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	canoe	canoe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	floated	float	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	shore	shore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **float** | participle |  | the canoe *not said here* |  | the shore |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to shore=Destination |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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