---
title: capital — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «capital» in the school dictionary: A capital (city) is the city where a country's or state's government is. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# capital

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** capital, country, Capital punishment, Paris, you, Canberra · **What happens:** be, use, start, run, mean, word · **To what, where:** city, big letter, money, business, punishment, praise

<!-- .vabout -->
«capital» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [capital in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/capital.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A capital (city) is the city where a country's or state's government is.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:capital:m1:1
# text = A capital (city) is the city where a country's or state's government is.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	4	punct	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	17	advmod	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	's	's	PART	POS	_	11	case	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	's	's	PART	POS	_	14	case	_	_
16	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
17	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a capital | the city |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **does** | present | a country or state's government |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A capital (letter) is a big letter, like A, B, C.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:capital:m2:1
# text = A capital (letter) is a big letter, like A, B, C.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	4	punct	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	B	B	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	C.	C.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a capital | a big letter |  |  |  | like a B and C. | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Capital is money used to start or run a business.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:capital:m3:1
# text = Capital is money used to start or run a business.
1	Capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	start	start	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	run	run	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	business	business	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Capital | money |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | money *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **start** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 4 | **run** | infinitive |  | a business |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme business=Trajectory |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Capital punishment is the punishment of death (in law).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:capital:m4:1
# text = Capital punishment is the punishment of death (in law).
1	Capital	capital	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	punishment	punishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	punishment	punishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Capital punishment | the punishment |  |  |  | of death | tree rules |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Capital can also mean excellent or very good, an old-fashioned word of praise.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:capital:m5:1
# text = Capital can also mean excellent or very good, an old-fashioned word of praise.
1	Capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	excellent	excellent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	very	very	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
11	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	fashioned	fashioned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	praise	praise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Capital |  |  |  |  | excellent *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **word** |  |  | praise |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Paris is the capital of France.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:capital:x1:1
# text = Paris is the capital of France.
1	Paris	Paris	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	France	France	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Paris | the capital |  |  |  | of France | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Start every sentence with a capital letter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:capital:x2:1
# text = Start every sentence with a capital letter.
1	Start	start	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
3	sentence	sentence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | imperative | you *not said here* | every sentence |  |  |  | with a capital letter | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.subeventuality»: agent=Agent sentence=Eventuality with letter=Subeventuality |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Canberra, not Sydney, is the capital of Australia.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:capital:x3:1
# text = Canberra, not Sydney, is the capital of Australia.
1	Canberra	Canberra	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	Sydney	Sydney	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Canberra and Sydney | the capital |  |  |  | of Australia | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Write your name in capitals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:capital:x4:1
# text = Write your name in capitals.
1	Write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	capitals	capital	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | imperative | you *not said here* | your name |  | capitals |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent name=Theme in capital=Destination |
| 2 | **name** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ottawa is the capital of Canada.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:capital:x5:1
# text = Ottawa is the capital of Canada.
1	Ottawa	Ottawa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Canada	Canada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Ottawa | the capital |  |  |  | of Canada | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«I» is always a capital letter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:capital:x6:1
# text = «I» is always a capital letter.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	8	advmod	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | I | a capital letter |  |  |  | always *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They needed capital to open the bakery.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:capital:x7:1
# text = They needed capital to open the bakery.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	needed	need	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	open	open	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bakery	bakery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | past | They | capital |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot capital=Theme |
| 2 | **open** | to-infinitive | They *not said here* | the bakery |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location bakery=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Albany is the capital of New York State.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:capital:x8:1
# text = Albany is the capital of New York State.
1	Albany	albany	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	flat	_	_
7	York	York	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	State	State	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Albany | the capital |  |  |  | of York State | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ah, yes; sleep is a capital invention.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:capital:x9:1
# text = Ah, yes; sleep is a capital invention.
1	Ah	ah	INTJ	UH	_	9	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	9	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
5	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	capital	capital	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	invention	invention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | sleep | a capital invention |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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