---
title: capsizing — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «capsizing» in the school dictionary: Turning over in the water, so that the bottom of a boat is on top. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# capsizing

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**Who acts:** Turning, you, canoe, case, We, many people · **What happens:** turn over, be, make, capsize, wear, practise · **To what, where:** water, top, boat, big wave, life jacket, case

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«capsizing» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [capsizing in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/capsizing.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Turning over in the water, so that the bottom of a boat is on top.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:capsizing:m1:1
# text = Turning over in the water, so that the bottom of a boat is on top.
1	Turning	turn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	csubj	_	_
2	over	over	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn over** | gerund |  |  |  | the water |  | so the bottom of a boat; over *property* | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | Turning |  |  | top |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Making a boat turn over.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:capsizing:m2:1
# text = Making a boat turn over.
1	Making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	turn	turn	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | gerund | you *not said here* | a boat |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset boat=Product |
| 2 | **turn over** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The canoe was capsizing in the big wave.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:capsizing:x1:1
# text = The canoe was capsizing in the big wave.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	canoe	canoe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	capsizing	capsize	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	wave	wave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **capsize** | past · progressive | the canoe |  |  | the big wave |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wear a life jacket in case of capsizing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:capsizing:x2:1
# text = Wear a life jacket in case of capsizing.
1	Wear	wear	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	jacket	jacket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	capsizing	capsize	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | imperative | you *not said here* | a life jacket |  | case |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent jacket=Theme |
| 2 | **capsize** | gerund | case *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We practised capsizing and righting the dinghy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:capsizing:x3:1
# text = We practised capsizing and righting the dinghy.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	practised	practise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	capsizing	capsize	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	righting	right	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	conj	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	dinghy	dinghy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **practise** | past | We |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **capsize** | gerund | We *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **right** | gerund | We *not said here* | the dinghy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Too many people on one side can cause capsizing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:capsizing:x4:1
# text = Too many people on one side can cause capsizing.
1	Too	too	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	cause	cause	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	capsizing	capsize	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | can | many people on one side |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **capsize** | gerund | many people on one side *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ferry was capsizing in the storm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:capsizing:x5:1
# text = The ferry was capsizing in the storm.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ferry	ferry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	capsizing	capsize	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **capsize** | past · progressive | the ferry |  |  | the storm |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After capsizing, hold on to the boat and wait for help.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:capsizing:x6:1
# text = After capsizing, hold on to the boat and wait for help.
1	After	after	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	capsizing	capsize	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	hold	hold	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	wait	wait	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **capsize** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **hold on** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to the boat | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **wait** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for help | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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