---
title: caravanserai — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «caravanserai» in the school dictionary: An inn with a big courtyard on old trade routes in Asia, the Middle East and North Africa, where travellers and their camels or horses could rest for the night. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# caravanserai

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** inn, people, merchants, Camels, We, caravanserai · **What happens:** rest, travel, drink, see, ruin, have · **To what, where:** caravanserai, water, caravanserai courtyard, ruins, rooms, silk

<!-- .vabout -->
«caravanserai» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [caravanserai in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/caravanserai.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An inn with a big courtyard on old trade routes in Asia, the Middle East and North Africa, where travellers and their camels or horses could rest for the night.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:caravanserai:m1:1
# text = An inn with a big courtyard on old trade routes in Asia, the Middle East and North Africa, where travellers and their camels or horses could rest for the night.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	inn	inn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	courtyard	courtyard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	routes	route	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Asia	Asia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	Middle	Middle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	East	East	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	North	North	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	22	advmod	_	_
22	travellers	traveller	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	camels	camel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
26	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	conj	_	_
28	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	rest	rest	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
30	for	for	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	29	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rest** | could | a inn with a big courtyard on old trade routes in Asia and the Middle East and North Africa and travellers and travellers's camels or horses |  |  |  | night |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A group of people travelling together (rare, literary).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:caravanserai:m2:1
# text = A group of people travelling together (rare, literary).
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	travelling	travel	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
6	together	together	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	rare	rare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	literary	literary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **travel** | gerund | people *not said here* |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The merchants rested at a caravanserai on the Silk Road.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:caravanserai:x1:1
# text = The merchants rested at a caravanserai on the Silk Road.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	merchants	merchant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	rested	rest	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	caravanserai	caravanserai	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	Silk	Silk	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	Road	Road	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rest** | past | the merchants |  |  | a caravanserai |  | on the Silk Road | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at caravanserai=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Camels drank water in the caravanserai courtyard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:caravanserai:x2:1
# text = Camels drank water in the caravanserai courtyard.
1	Camels	camel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	drank	drink	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	caravanserai	caravanserai	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	courtyard	courtyard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drink** | past | Camels | water |  | the caravanserai courtyard |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We saw the ruins of a caravanserai in Turkey.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:caravanserai:x3:1
# text = We saw the ruins of a caravanserai in Turkey.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ruins	ruin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	caravanserai	caravanserai	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Turkey	Turkey	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | We | the ruins of a caravanserai in Turkey |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ruin=Stimulus |
| 2 | **ruin** |  |  | a caravanserai in Turkey |  |  |  |  | nom ruin «state transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A caravanserai had rooms around a big square yard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:caravanserai:x4:1
# text = A caravanserai had rooms around a big square yard.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	caravanserai	caravanserai	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	rooms	room	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	around	around	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	square	square	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	yard	yard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | a caravanserai | rooms |  |  |  | around a big square yard | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent room=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Traders swapped silk and spices at the caravanserai.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:caravanserai:x5:1
# text = Traders swapped silk and spices at the caravanserai.
1	Traders	trader	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	swapped	swap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	silk	silk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	spices	spice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	caravanserai	caravanserai	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swap** | past | Traders | silk and spices |  | the caravanserai |  |  | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent silk=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The storyteller described a busy caravanserai at night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:caravanserai:x6:1
# text = The storyteller described a busy caravanserai at night.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	storyteller	storyteller	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	described	describe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	busy	busy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	caravanserai	caravanserai	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | past | the storyteller | a busy caravanserai |  |  | night |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent caravanserai=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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