---
title: cardboard — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cardboard» in the school dictionary: Cardboard is thick, stiff paper used to make boxes, packaging and models. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cardboard

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Cardboard, cardboard character, We, you, toy, Corrugated cardboard · **What happens:** be, use, make, package, seem, put · **To what, where:** stiff paper, boxes, one, castle, cardboard boxes, cardboard

<!-- .vabout -->
«cardboard» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cardboard in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cardboard.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cardboard is thick, stiff paper used to make boxes, packaging and models.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cardboard:m1:1
# text = Cardboard is thick, stiff paper used to make boxes, packaging and models.
1	Cardboard	cardboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	stiff	stiff	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
7	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
10	boxes	box	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	packaging	package	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	models	model	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Cardboard |  |  |  |  | thick *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | stiff paper *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | boxes and models |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset box=Product |
| 4 | **package** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cardboard character (in a story) is one who seems flat and not real.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cardboard:m2:1
# text = A cardboard character (in a story) is one who seems flat and not real.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	cardboard	cardboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	character	character	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
4	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	7	punct	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
11	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	seems	seem	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
16	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a cardboard character | one |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **seem** | present |  |  |  |  |  | flat *property* | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We made a castle from cardboard boxes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cardboard:x1:1
# text = We made a castle from cardboard boxes.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	cardboard	cardboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	boxes	box	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | We | a castle |  | cardboard boxes |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent castle=Product from box=Material |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Put the cardboard in the recycling bin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cardboard:x2:1
# text = Put the cardboard in the recycling bin.
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cardboard	cardboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	recycling	recycling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	bin	bin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | imperative | you *not said here* | the cardboard |  | the recycling bin |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent cardboard=Theme in bin=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cardboard goes soggy in the rain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cardboard:x3:1
# text = Cardboard goes soggy in the rain.
1	Cardboard	cardboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	soggy	soggy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | Cardboard |  |  |  |  | soggy *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The toy came in a cardboard box.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cardboard:x4:1
# text = The toy came in a cardboard box.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	toy	toy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	cardboard	cardboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	box	box	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the toy |  |  | a cardboard box |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in box=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cut out a cardboard circle for the wheel.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cardboard:x5:1
# text = Cut out a cardboard circle for the wheel.
1	Cut	cut	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	out	out	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	cardboard	cardboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	circle	circle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	wheel	wheel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut out** | imperative | you *not said here* | a cardboard circle |  |  |  | for the wheel | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector circle=Eventuality |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Corrugated cardboard has wavy layers inside.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cardboard:x6:1
# text = Corrugated cardboard has wavy layers inside.
1	Corrugated	corrugate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	amod	_	_
2	cardboard	cardboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	wavy	wavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	layers	layer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **corrugate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **have** | present | Corrugated cardboard | wavy layers |  |  |  | inside *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent layer=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We used cardboard tubes for the telescopes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cardboard:x7:1
# text = We used cardboard tubes for the telescopes.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	cardboard	cardboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	tubes	tube	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	telescopes	telescope	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | We | cardboard tubes |  |  |  | for the telescopes | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent tube=Theme for telescope=Eventuality |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The villain in the story was a cardboard character.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cardboard:x8:1
# text = The villain in the story was a cardboard character.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	villain	villain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	cardboard	cardboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	character	character	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the villain in the story | a cardboard character |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Generals in full uniform leading regiments of cardboard soldiers passed by.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cardboard:x9:1
# text = Generals in full uniform leading regiments of cardboard soldiers passed by.
1	Generals	general	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	uniform	uniform	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	leading	lead	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
6	regiments	regiment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	cardboard	cardboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |
| 2 | **pass by** | participle |  | cardboard soldiers *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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