---
title: carnation — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «carnation» in the school dictionary: A carnation is a garden flower with frilly petals and a sweet spicy smell, often pink, red or white. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/carnation/)

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# carnation

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** carnation, We, petals, Dad, Carnations, She · **What happens:** be, mean, put, turn, wear, have · **To what, where:** garden flower, pinkish red colour, white carnation, blue water, red carnation, wedding · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«carnation» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [carnation in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/carnation.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A carnation is a garden flower with frilly petals and a sweet spicy smell, often pink, red or white.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:carnation:m1:1
# text = A carnation is a garden flower with frilly petals and a sweet spicy smell, often pink, red or white.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	carnation	carnation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	flower	flower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	frilly	frilly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	petals	petal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
13	spicy	spicy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	often	often	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	pink	pink	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	conj	_	_
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a carnation | a garden flower |  |  |  | with frilly petals and a sweet spicy smell | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Carnation can also mean a pinkish-red colour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:carnation:m2:1
# text = Carnation can also mean a pinkish-red colour.
1	Carnation	carnation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
6	pinkish	pinkish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Carnation | a pinkish red colour |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We put a white carnation in blue water, and the petals turned blue.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:carnation:x1:1
# text = We put a white carnation in blue water, and the petals turned blue.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	carnation	carnation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	petals	petal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
13	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
14	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past | We | a white carnation |  | blue water |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent carnation=Theme in water=Destination |
| 2 | **turn** | past | the petals |  |  |  |  | blue *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad wore a red carnation at the wedding.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:carnation:x2:1
# text = Dad wore a red carnation at the wedding.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	carnation	carnation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	wedding	wedding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | past | Dad | a red carnation |  | the wedding |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent carnation=Source |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Carnations have frilly petals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:carnation:x3:1
# text = Carnations have frilly petals.
1	Carnations	carnation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	frilly	frilly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	petals	petal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Carnations | frilly petals |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent petal=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She bought a bunch of pink carnations for her mum.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:carnation:x4:1
# text = She bought a bunch of pink carnations for her mum.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bunch	bunch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	pink	pink	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	carnations	carnation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past | She | a bunch of pink carnations |  |  |  | for her mum | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent bunch=Theme for mum=Beneficiary |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Carnations smell a bit like cloves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:carnation:x5:1
# text = Carnations smell a bit like cloves.
1	Carnations	carnation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	smell	smell	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	cloves	clove	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smell** | present | Carnations | a bit |  |  |  | like cloves | vn see-30.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bit=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The carnation experiment shows how plants drink water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:carnation:x6:1
# text = The carnation experiment shows how plants drink water.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	carnation	carnation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	experiment	experiment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
6	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	drink	drink	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | the carnation experiment |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **drink** | present | plants | water |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Carnations last a long time in a vase.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:carnation:x7:1
# text = Carnations last a long time in a vase.
1	Carnations	carnation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	last	last	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	vase	vase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **last** | present | Carnations |  |  | a vase | time |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We drew a carnation in our art lesson.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:carnation:x8:1
# text = We drew a carnation in our art lesson.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	drew	draw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	carnation	carnation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | past | We | a carnation |  | our art lesson |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent carnation=Theme in lesson=Destination |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Beautiful stocks and carnations followed, bowing to every one present.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:carnation:x9:1
# text = Beautiful stocks and carnations followed, bowing to every one present.
1	Beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	stocks	stock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	carnations	carnation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
5	followed	follow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	bowing	bow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	det	_	_
10	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	present	present	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | past | Beautiful stocks and carnations |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **bow** | gerund | Beautiful stocks and carnations *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to every one present | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to present=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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