---
title: casement — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «casement» in the school dictionary: A casement is a window that opens outwards on hinges, like a little door, as in old houses. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# casement

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**Who acts:** casement, window, She, I · **What happens:** be, open, let, bar, look out · **To what, where:** window, hinges, casement, breeze, casements, sea

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«casement» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [casement in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/casement.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A casement is a window that opens outwards on hinges, like a little door, as in old houses.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:casement:m1:1
# text = A casement is a window that opens outwards on hinges, like a little door, as in old houses.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	casement	casement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	opens	open	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	outwards	outwards	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	hinges	hinge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	as	as	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	houses	house	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a casement | a window |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **open** | present | a window |  |  | hinges |  | like a little door and old houses; outwards *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on hinge=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She opened the casement to let in the breeze.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:casement:x1:1
# text = She opened the casement to let in the breeze.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	casement	casement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	breeze	breeze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | past | She | the casement |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location casement=Theme |
| 2 | **let** | to-infinitive | She *not said here* | the casement *not said here* |  | the breeze |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The casements were barred at night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:casement:x2:1
# text = The casements were barred at night.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	casements	casement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	barred	bar	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bar** | past · passive |  | the casements |  |  | night |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I opened the casement and looked out at the sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:casement:x3:1
# text = I opened the casement and looked out at the sea.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	casement	casement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	out	out	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | past | I | the casement |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location casement=Theme |
| 2 | **look out** | past | I *not said here* |  |  | the sea |  |  | vn caring-75.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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