---
title: casualty — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «casualty» in the school dictionary: A casualty is a person who is hurt or killed in an accident, war or disaster. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# casualty

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** casualty, USA, old tree, first aider, casualties, We · **What happens:** be, hurt, kill, call, lose, harm · **To what, where:** person, accident, hospital department, emergencies, ER, USA · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«casualty» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [casualty in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/casualty.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A casualty is a person who is hurt or killed in an accident, war or disaster.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:casualty:m1:1
# text = A casualty is a person who is hurt or killed in an accident, war or disaster.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	casualty	casualty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	hurt	hurt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	killed	kill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	accident	accident	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	disaster	disaster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a casualty | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hurt** | present · passive |  | a person |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **kill** | participle |  |  |  | a accident and war or disaster |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Casualty is the hospital department for emergencies, also called A&E (accident and emergency); in the USA it is the ER.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:casualty:m2:1
# text = Casualty is the hospital department for emergencies, also called A&E (accident and emergency); in the USA it is the ER.
1	Casualty	Casualty	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	hospital	hospital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	department	department	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	emergencies	emergency	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	also	also	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
11	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	&	&	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	E	E	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	xcomp	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	accident	accident	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	emergency	emergency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	USA	USA	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
23	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
24	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	ER	er	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Casualty | the hospital department and the ER |  |  |  | for emergencies | tree rules |
| 2 | **call** | participle |  | emergencies *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** | present | USA | the ER |  | the USA |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A casualty is something that is lost or harmed because of an event: «The old tree was a casualty of the storm».

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:casualty:m3:1
# text = A casualty is something that is lost or harmed because of an event: «The old tree was a casualty of the storm».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	casualty	casualty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	harmed	harm	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
10	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	13	case	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	event	event	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
15	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
19	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	casualty	casualty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a casualty | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **lose** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  | because a event | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
| 3 | **harm** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **is a** *in a quote* | past | the old tree | a casualty |  |  |  | of the storm | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The first aider put the casualty in the recovery position.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:casualty:x1:1
# text = The first aider put the casualty in the recovery position.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	amod	_	_
3	aider	aider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	casualty	casualty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	recovery	recovery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	position	position	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | infinitive | the first aider | the casualty |  | the recovery position |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent casualty=Theme in position=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There were no casualties in the fire.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:casualty:x2:1
# text = There were no casualties in the fire.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	casualties	casualty	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | no casualties in the fire |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We spent four hours in casualty after Sam broke his arm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:casualty:x3:1
# text = We spent four hours in casualty after Sam broke his arm.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spent	spend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	casualty	casualty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	Sam	Sam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | past | We |  |  | casualty | hour |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **break** | past | Sam | Sam's arm |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer arm=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The battle caused heavy casualties.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:casualty:x4:1
# text = The battle caused heavy casualties.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	casualties	casualty	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | past | the battle | heavy casualties |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition casualty=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The garden fence was a casualty of the storm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:casualty:x5:1
# text = The garden fence was a casualty of the storm.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	fence	fence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	casualty	casualty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the garden fence | a casualty |  |  |  | of the storm | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stay with the casualty until help arrives.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:casualty:x6:1
# text = Stay with the casualty until help arrives.
1	Stay	stay	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	casualty	casualty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	arrives	arrive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with the casualty | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with casualty=Location |
| 2 | **arrive** | present | help |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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