---
title: catastrophically — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «catastrophically» in the school dictionary: In a way that causes terrible damage or disaster. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# catastrophically

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** way, plan, dam, valley, class play, scenery · **What happens:** cause, go, fail, flood, fall down, play · **To what, where:** terrible damage, bridge, earthquake, baking bread, jump, mud

<!-- .vabout -->
«catastrophically» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [catastrophically in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/catastrophically.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a way that causes terrible damage or disaster.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:catastrophically:m1:1
# text = In a way that causes terrible damage or disaster.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	causes	cause	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	terrible	terrible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	disaster	disaster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | present | a way | terrible damage or disaster |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition damage=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: everyday, exaggerating — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Extremely badly, as when a plan goes completely wrong.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:catastrophically:m2:1
# text = Extremely badly, as when a plan goes completely wrong.
1	Extremely	extremely	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	badly	badly	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	8	mark	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	completely	completely	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | a plan |  |  |  |  | badly, wrong *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dam failed catastrophically and the valley flooded.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:catastrophically:x1:1
# text = The dam failed catastrophically and the valley flooded.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dam	dam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	failed	fail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	catastrophically	catastrophically	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	valley	valley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	flooded	flood	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fail** | past | the dam |  |  |  |  | catastrophically *property* | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **flood** | past | the valley |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our class play went catastrophically wrong when the scenery fell down.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:catastrophically:x2:1
# text = Our class play went catastrophically wrong when the scenery fell down.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	play	play	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	catastrophically	catastrophically	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	scenery	scenery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
11	down	down	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | Our class play |  |  |  |  | wrong *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **fall down** | past | the scenery |  |  |  |  | down *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **play** |  | Our |  |  |  |  |  | nom play «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bridge was catastrophically damaged in the earthquake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:catastrophically:x3:1
# text = The bridge was catastrophically damaged in the earthquake.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	catastrophically	catastrophically	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	damaged	damage	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	earthquake	earthquake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **damage** | past · passive |  | the bridge |  | the earthquake |  | catastrophically *property* | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My first try at baking bread failed catastrophically.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:catastrophically:x4:1
# text = My first try at baking bread failed catastrophically.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	amod	_	_
3	try	try	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	baking	baking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	failed	fail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	catastrophically	catastrophically	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fail** | past | My first try at baking bread |  |  |  |  | catastrophically *property* | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **try** |  | My |  |  | baking bread |  |  | nom try «act transitive»: poss=agent at=place |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If the ice sheets melt, sea levels could rise catastrophically.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:catastrophically:x5:1
# text = If the ice sheets melt, sea levels could rise catastrophically.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	sheets	sheet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	melt	melt	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	levels	level	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
9	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	rise	rise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
11	catastrophically	catastrophically	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **melt** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | the ice sheets |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **rise** | could | sea levels |  |  |  |  | catastrophically *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He catastrophically misjudged the jump and landed in the mud.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:catastrophically:x6:1
# text = He catastrophically misjudged the jump and landed in the mud.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	catastrophically	catastrophically	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	misjudged	misjudge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	jump	jump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	landed	land	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	mud	mud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **misjudge** | past | He | the jump |  |  |  | catastrophically *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **land** | past | He *not said here* |  |  | the mud |  |  | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme in mud=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rocket's engine failed catastrophically just after launch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:catastrophically:x7:1
# text = The rocket's engine failed catastrophically just after launch.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rocket	rocket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	engine	engine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	failed	fail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	catastrophically	catastrophically	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	just	just	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	after	after	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	launch	launch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fail** | past | the rocket's engine |  |  |  | after launch | catastrophically *property* | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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