---
title: category — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «category» in the school dictionary: A category is a group of things or people that are alike in some way: «Put the animals into categories». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# category

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** category, things, Whales, She, bar chart, tomato · **What happens:** be, put, win, show, do, belong · **To what, where:** group, way, animals, categories, class, competition · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«category» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [category in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/category.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A category is a group of things or people that are alike in some way: «Put the animals into categories».

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:category:m1:1
# text = A category is a group of things or people that are alike in some way: «Put the animals into categories».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	category	category	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	alike	alike	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	acl:relcl	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	15	det	_	_
15	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	_
21	into	into	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	categories	category	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a category | a group |  |  |  | of things or people | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | things or people |  |  | some way |  | alike *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **put** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  | the animals | categories |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent animal=Goal |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A category is a class in a competition or list: «the under-10 category».

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:category:m2:1
# text = A category is a class in a competition or list: «the under-10 category».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	category	category	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	competition	competition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	list	list	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
14	under	under	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	_
17	category	category	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a category | a class |  | a competition or list |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sort these shapes into two categories.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:category:x1:1
# text = Sort these shapes into two categories.
1	Sort	sort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	shapes	shape	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	categories	category	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Whales are in the category of mammals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:category:x2:1
# text = Whales are in the category of mammals.
1	Whales	whale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	category	category	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	mammals	mammal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Whales |  |  | the category |  | of mammals | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She won the under-ten category in the art contest.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:category:x3:1
# text = She won the under-ten category in the art contest.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	under	under	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	category	category	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	contest	contest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | past | She | the ten category |  | the art contest |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent category=Eventuality |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bar chart shows four categories of pets.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:category:x4:1
# text = The bar chart shows four categories of pets.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bar	bar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	chart	chart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	categories	category	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	pets	pet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | the bar chart | four categories of pets |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent category=Recipient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which category does a tomato belong to?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:category:x5:1
# text = Which category does a tomato belong to?
1	Which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	2	det	_	_
2	category	category	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	tomato	tomato	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	belong	belong	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present | which category | a tomato |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tomato=Eventuality |
| 2 | **belong** | infinitive | a tomato *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We put the books into categories: fiction and non-fiction.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:category:x6:1
# text = We put the books into categories: fiction and non-fiction.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	categories	category	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
8	fiction	fiction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	non-fiction	non-fiction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past | We | the books |  | categories and fiction and non-fiction |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent book=Goal |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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