---
title: cautiously — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cautiously» in the school dictionary: Carefully, so as to avoid danger or mistakes. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cautiously

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** We, cat, She, you, doctors, he · **What happens:** avoid, not trust, cross, look, sniff, open · **To what, where:** danger, something, busy road, ways, new food, creaky door

<!-- .vabout -->
«cautiously» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cautiously in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cautiously.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Carefully, so as to avoid danger or mistakes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cautiously:m1:1
# text = Carefully, so as to avoid danger or mistakes.
1	Carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
3	so	so	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	avoid	avoid	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	danger	danger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	mistakes	mistake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **avoid** | to-infinitive |  | danger or mistakes |  |  |  | carefully *property* | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent danger=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Slowly and not fully trusting something yet («cautiously hopeful»).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cautiously:m2:1
# text = Slowly and not fully trusting something yet («cautiously hopeful»).
1	Slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
4	fully	fully	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	trusting	trust	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
8	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	cautiously	cautiously	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	hopeful	hopeful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **trust** | gerund |  | something |  |  | yet | fully, slowly *property* | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We crossed the busy road cautiously, looking both ways.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cautiously:x1:1
# text = We crossed the busy road cautiously, looking both ways.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	crossed	cross	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	busy	busy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	cautiously	cautiously	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
9	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cross** | past | We | the busy road |  |  |  | cautiously *property* | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Patient |
| 2 | **look** | gerund | We *not said here* | both ways |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme way=Attribute |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cat cautiously sniffed the new food.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cautiously:x2:1
# text = The cat cautiously sniffed the new food.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	cautiously	cautiously	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	sniffed	sniff	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sniff** | past | the cat | the new food |  |  |  | cautiously *property* | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She cautiously opened the creaky door.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cautiously:x3:1
# text = She cautiously opened the creaky door.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	cautiously	cautiously	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	creaky	creaky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | past | She | the creaky door |  |  |  | cautiously *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location door=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hold the scissors cautiously, with the points down.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cautiously:x4:1
# text = Hold the scissors cautiously, with the points down.
1	Hold	hold	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	scissors	scissors	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	cautiously	cautiously	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	points	point	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
9	down	down	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | imperative | you *not said here* | the scissors |  |  |  | cautiously *property* | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent scissors=Theme point=Eventuality |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The doctors are cautiously hopeful that he will get better.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cautiously:x5:1
# text = The doctors are cautiously hopeful that he will get better.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	doctors	doctor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	cautiously	cautiously	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	hopeful	hopeful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
10	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the doctors |  |  |  |  | cautiously, hopeful *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **get** | future | he |  |  |  |  | good *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He stepped cautiously onto the frozen pond — a dangerous idea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cautiously:x6:1
# text = He stepped cautiously onto the frozen pond — a dangerous idea.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stepped	step	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	cautiously	cautiously	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	onto	onto	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	frozen	freeze	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **step** | past | He |  |  | the frozen pond |  | cautiously *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme onto pond=Trajectory |
| 2 | **freeze** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The deer moved cautiously out of the trees.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cautiously:x7:1
# text = The deer moved cautiously out of the trees.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	deer	deer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	moved	move	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	cautiously	cautiously	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | past | the deer |  |  | the trees |  | cautiously *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme out tree=Trajectory |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cautiously, I lifted the lid of the mystery box.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cautiously:x8:1
# text = Cautiously, I lifted the lid of the mystery box.
1	Cautiously	cautiously	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lifted	lift	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	lid	lid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	mystery	mystery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	box	box	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift** | past | I | the lid of the mystery box |  |  |  | cautiously *property* | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lid=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“What kind of adventure?” he asked cautiously.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cautiously:x9:1
# text = “What kind of adventure?” he asked cautiously.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	What	what	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	3	det	_	_
3	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	ccomp	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	adventure	adventure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	cautiously	cautiously	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | he |  |  |  |  | cautiously *property* | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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