---
title: caveman — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «caveman» in the school dictionary: A person from very long ago, in the Stone Age, who is imagined as living in caves. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# caveman

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Cavemen, caveman, Age people, you, We · **What happens:** imagine, paint, make, ride, not live, stop · **To what, where:** person, caves, animals, walls, spear, flint

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«caveman» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [caveman in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/caveman.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person from very long ago, in the Stone Age, who is imagined as living in caves.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:caveman:m1:1
# text = A person from very long ago, in the Stone Age, who is imagined as living in caves.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
6	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	Stone	Stone	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	Age	Age	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	imagined	imagine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
16	as	as	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	living	living	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	obl	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	caves	cave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **imagine** | present · passive |  | a person and the Stone Age |  | caves |  | as living | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Theme as living=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A rough or old-fashioned man with rude manners.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:caveman:m2:1
# text = A rough or old-fashioned man with rude manners.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
2	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
4	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	fashioned	fashioned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
7	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	rude	rude	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	manners	manners	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cavemen painted animals on the walls.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:caveman:x1:1
# text = Cavemen painted animals on the walls.
1	Cavemen	caveman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	painted	paint	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paint** | past | Cavemen | animals |  | the walls |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent animal=Theme on wall=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The caveman made a spear from flint.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:caveman:x2:1
# text = The caveman made a spear from flint.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	caveman	caveman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	spear	spear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	flint	flint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the caveman | a spear |  | flint |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset spear=Product from flint=Material |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the cartoon, a caveman rode a dinosaur.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:caveman:x3:1
# text = In the cartoon, a caveman rode a dinosaur.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	caveman	caveman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	rode	ride	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	dinosaur	dinosaur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ride** | past | a caveman | a dinosaur |  | the cartoon |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dinosaur=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stone Age people did not all live in caves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:caveman:x4:1
# text = Stone Age people did not all live in caves.
1	Stone	Stone	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	Age	Age	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
4	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
6	all	all	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	live	live	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	caves	cave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **live** | past · do-support | Age people |  |  | caves |  | all *property* | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cave=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stop eating like a caveman!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:caveman:x5:1
# text = Stop eating like a caveman!
1	Stop	stop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	xcomp	_	_
3	like	like	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	caveman	caveman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **eat** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like a caveman | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We built a caveman shelter in the woods.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:caveman:x6:1
# text = We built a caveman shelter in the woods.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	built	build	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	caveman	caveman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	shelter	shelter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	woods	wood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | past | We | a caveman shelter |  | the woods |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shelter=Product |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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