---
title: cd — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cd» in the school dictionary: A CD (compact disc) is a thin, shiny, round plastic disc that stores music or computer data, read by a laser. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cd

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** CD, thin round plastic disc, Grandad, you, class, our · **What happens:** be, store, read, move, mean, corp · **To what, where:** thin round plastic disc, music, command, you, terminal, symbol · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«cd» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cd in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cd.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A CD (compact disc) is a thin, shiny, round plastic disc that stores music or computer data, read by a laser.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cd:m1:1
# text = A CD (compact disc) is a thin, shiny, round plastic disc that stores music or computer data, read by a laser.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	CD	CD	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	compact	compact	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	disc	disc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	5	punct	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
9	thin	thin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	shiny	shiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
13	round	round	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
14	plastic	plastic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	disc	disc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
16	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
17	stores	store	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
18	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	data	data	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	read	read	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	acl	_	_
24	by	by	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	laser	laser	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a CD | a thin round plastic disc |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **store** | present | a thin round plastic disc | music or computer data |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent music=Theme |
| 3 | **read** | participle |  | music or computer data *not said here* |  |  |  | by a laser | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: computing — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«cd» is a command for «change directory»: it moves you to another folder in a terminal.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cd:m2:1
# text = «cd» is a command for «change directory»: it moves you to another folder in a terminal.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	cd	CD	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	command	command	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	directory	directory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	moves	move	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
15	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	18	det	_	_
18	folder	folder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	terminal	terminal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | cd | a command |  |  |  | for change directory | tree rules |
| 2 | **move** | present | cd | you |  | a terminal |  | to another folder | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.agent V NP.theme PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Agent you=Theme to folder=Source in terminal=Trajectory |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«cd» is the symbol for the candela, the unit of light brightness.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cd:m3:1
# text = «cd» is the symbol for the candela, the unit of light brightness.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	cd	CD	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	symbol	symbol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	candela	candela	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	unit	unit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	brightness	brightness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | cd | the symbol |  |  |  | for the candela | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Other meanings in context.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cd:m4:1
# text = Other meanings in context.
1	Other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	meanings	meaning	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	context	context	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
CD can mean «certificate of deposit» (money) or «corps diplomatique» (diplomat's car sign).

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cd:m4e:1
# text = CD can mean «certificate of deposit» (money) or «corps diplomatique» (diplomat's car sign).
1	CD	CD	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	certificate	certificate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	deposit	deposit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
9	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	corps	corp	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
15	diplomatique	diplomatique	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
17	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	diplomat	diplomat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	's	's	PART	POS	_	18	case	_	_
20	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | CD | certificate of deposit |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent certificate=Topic |
| 2 | **corp** *in a quote* | present | CD *not said here* | diplomatique |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **certificate** *in a quote* |  |  | deposit |  |  |  |  | nom certificate «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandad still listens to music on CDs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cd:x1:1
# text = Grandad still listens to music on CDs.
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	still	still	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	listens	listen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	CDs	cd	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **listen** | present | Grandad |  |  | CDs | still | to music | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to music=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Put the CD in the player and press play.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cd:x2:1
# text = Put the CD in the player and press play.
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	CD	CD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	player	player	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	press	press	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	play	play	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | imperative | you *not said here* | the CD |  | the player and press play |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent cd=Theme in player=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The CD was scratched, so it kept skipping.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cd:x3:1
# text = The CD was scratched, so it kept skipping.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	CD	CD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	scratched	scratch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	skipping	skip	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **scratch** | past · passive |  | the CD |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **keep** | past | CD |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **skip** | gerund | CD *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Type «cd Documents» to go into the Documents folder.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cd:x4:1
# text = Type «cd Documents» to go into the Documents folder.
1	Type	type	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
2	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	cd	CD	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	Documents	document	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	Documents	Document	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	11	compound	_	_
11	folder	folder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | the Documents folder |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into folder=Initial\_Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our class made a CD of our songs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cd:x5:1
# text = Our class made a CD of our songs.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	CD	CD	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	songs	song	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Our class | a CD of our songs |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset cd=Product |
| 2 | **sing** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom song «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A CD is read by a laser beam.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cd:x6:1
# text = A CD is read by a laser beam.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	CD	CD	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	read	read	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	laser	laser	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	beam	beam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | present · passive | a laser beam | a CD |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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