---
title: cede — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cede» in the school dictionary: To give up land, power or rights to someone else, often because you have to, for example after a war or a deal. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cede

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, country, China, king, team, landowner · **What happens:** give up, have, give away, cede, not cede · **To what, where:** land, someone, point, possession, Hong Island, Britain

<!-- .vabout -->
«cede» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cede in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cede.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To give up land, power or rights to someone else, often because you have to, for example after a war or a deal.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cede:m1:1
# text = To give up land, power or rights to someone else, often because you have to, for example after a war or a deal.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	give	give	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	rights	right	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obl	_	_
11	else	else	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	often	often	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
14	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
15	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
21	after	after	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
24	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	deal	deal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give up** | to-infinitive |  | land and power or rights | someone |  | after a war or a deal | for example | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent land=Theme to someone=Recipient |
| 2 | **have** | present | you |  |  |  |  | often *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal, sport — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To give away a point or advantage, as in «cede possession».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cede:m2:1
# text = To give away a point or advantage, as in «cede possession».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	give	give	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	away	away	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	advantage	advantage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	fixed	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	cede	cede	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
13	possession	possession	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give away** | to-infinitive |  | a point or advantage |  |  |  | away *property* | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent point=Theme |
| 2 | **cede** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | possession |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent possession=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The country had to cede land after the war.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cede:x1:1
# text = The country had to cede land after the war.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	cede	cede	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	after	after	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the country |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cede** | to-infinitive | the country *not said here* | land |  |  | after the war |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent land=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In 1842, China ceded Hong Kong Island to Britain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cede:x2:1
# text = In 1842, China ceded Hong Kong Island to Britain.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	1842	1842	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	ceded	cede	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	Hong	Hong	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
7	Kong	Kong	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	flat	_	_
8	Island	Island	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Britain	Britain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cede** | past | China | Hong Island | Britain | 1842 |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent island=Theme to britain=Goal |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The king would not cede any power to the nobles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cede:x3:1
# text = The king would not cede any power to the nobles.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	cede	cede	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
7	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	nobles	noble	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **cede** | would | the king | any power |  |  |  | to the nobles *goal* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent power=Theme to noble=Goal |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The team ceded the ball too easily.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cede:x4:1
# text = The team ceded the ball too easily.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ceded	cede	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	too	too	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	easily	easily	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cede** | past | the team | the ball |  |  |  | easily *property* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent ball=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The landowner ceded part of his field for a road.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cede:x5:1
# text = The landowner ceded part of his field for a road.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	landowner	landowner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ceded	cede	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cede** | past | the landowner | part of landowner's field |  |  |  | for a road *goal* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent part=Theme for road=Goal |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Spain ceded Florida to the United States in 1819.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cede:x6:1
# text = Spain ceded Florida to the United States in 1819.
1	Spain	Spain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ceded	cede	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Florida	Florida	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	United	United	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	States	State	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	1819	1819	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cede** | past | Spain | Florida | the United States | 1819 |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent florida=Theme to state=Goal |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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