---
title: certainty — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «certainty» in the school dictionary: Certainty is the feeling of being completely sure about something. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# certainty

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Certainty, It, sun, I, She, Rolling · **What happens:** be, happen, rise, not say, break, speak · **To what, where:** feeling, something, certainty, vase, 1, number · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«certainty» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [certainty in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/certainty.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Certainty is the feeling of being completely sure about something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:certainty:m1:1
# text = Certainty is the feeling of being completely sure about something.
1	Certainty	certainty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	cop	_	_
7	completely	completely	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	sure	sure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	parataxis	_	_
9	about	about	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Certainty | the feeling |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | about something; completely, sure *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A certainty is something that will definitely happen or is definitely true.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:certainty:m2:1
# text = A certainty is something that will definitely happen or is definitely true.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	certainty	certainty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
6	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	definitely	definitely	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl:relcl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	definitely	definitely	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a certainty | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **happen** | future |  |  |  |  |  | definitely *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | definitely, true *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a certainty that the sun will rise tomorrow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:certainty:x1:1
# text = It is a certainty that the sun will rise tomorrow.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	certainty	certainty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	rise	rise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
10	tomorrow	tomorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a certainty |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **rise** | future | the sun |  |  |  | tomorrow |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I can't say with certainty who broke the vase.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:certainty:x2:1
# text = I can't say with certainty who broke the vase.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	certainty	certainty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	vase	vase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **say** *speech: assert* | can | I |  |  |  |  | with certainty | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent with certainty=Manner |
| 2 | **break** | past | certainty | the vase |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer vase=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On the probability line, certainty is at 1.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:certainty:x3:1
# text = On the probability line, certainty is at 1.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	probability	probability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	certainty	certainty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | certainty |  |  | 1 |  | on the probability line | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She spoke with great certainty.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:certainty:x4:1
# text = She spoke with great certainty.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	certainty	certainty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | She |  |  |  |  | with great certainty | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with certainty=Co-Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rolling a number less than 7 on a die is a certainty.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:certainty:x5:1
# text = Rolling a number less than 7 on a die is a certainty.
1	Rolling	roll	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	csubj	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV	6	advmod	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	4	fixed	_	_
6	7	7	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nmod	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	die	die	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	certainty	certainty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **roll** | gerund |  | a number  7 |  | a die |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent number=Theme on die=Trajectory |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Rolling | a certainty |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing in the weather forecast is a certainty.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:certainty:x6:1
# text = Nothing in the weather forecast is a certainty.
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	8	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	forecast	forecast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	certainty	certainty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Nothing | a certainty |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They had no doubt of that, and every action of their lives was based on that certainty.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:certainty:x7:1
# text = They had no doubt of that, and every action of their lives was based on that certainty.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	doubt	doubt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
9	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	lives	life	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	based	base	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
16	on	on	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	18	det	_	_
18	certainty	certainty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | They | no doubt of that |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent doubt=Patient |
| 2 | **base** | past · passive |  | every action of their lives |  | that certainty |  |  | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme on certainty=Source |
| 3 | **doubt** |  |  | that |  |  |  |  | nom doubt «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
| 4 | **act** |  | their lives |  |  |  |  |  | nom action «act intransitive»: of=agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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