---
title: chariot — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «chariot» in the school dictionary: A two-wheeled cart pulled by horses, used in ancient times for war and racing. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# chariot

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Romans, Boudicca, Egyptian king, Two horses, We, crowd · **What happens:** wheel, pull, use, race, ride, take up · **To what, where:** wheeled cart, horses, chariots, Circus Maximus, battle, Elijah

<!-- .vabout -->
«chariot» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [chariot in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/chariot.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A two-wheeled cart pulled by horses, used in ancient times for war and racing.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chariot:m1:1
# text = A two-wheeled cart pulled by horses, used in ancient times for war and racing.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	wheeled	wheel	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	cart	cart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	pulled	pull	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
14	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	racing	racing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wheel** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn drive-11.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **pull** | participle |  | a wheeled cart *not said here* |  |  |  | by horses | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **use** | participle |  | horses *not said here* |  |  | time | for war and racing | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: literary — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Any grand carriage.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chariot:m2:1
# text = Any grand carriage.
1	Any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	det	_	_
2	grand	grand	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	carriage	carriage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Romans raced chariots in the Circus Maximus.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chariot:x1:1
# text = The Romans raced chariots in the Circus Maximus.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Romans	Roman	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	raced	race	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	chariots	chariot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Circus	Circus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	Maximus	Maximus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **race** | past | the Romans | chariots |  | the Circus Maximus |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent chariot=Theme in maximus=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Boudicca rode into battle in a chariot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chariot:x2:1
# text = Boudicca rode into battle in a chariot.
1	Boudicca	Boudicca	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	rode	ride	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	chariot	chariot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ride** | past | Boudicca |  |  | battle |  | in a chariot | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent into battle=Trajectory |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the Bible, Elijah was taken up in a chariot of fire.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chariot:x3:1
# text = In the Bible, Elijah was taken up in a chariot of fire.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Bible	Bible	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	Elijah	Elijah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	up	up	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	chariot	chariot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take up** | past · passive |  | Elijah |  | the Bible |  | in a chariot of fire | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Value in bible=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Egyptian king stood in his golden chariot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chariot:x4:1
# text = The Egyptian king stood in his golden chariot.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Egyptian	Egyptian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	chariot	chariot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past | the Egyptian king |  |  | king's golden chariot |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in chariot=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Two horses pulled the chariot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chariot:x5:1
# text = Two horses pulled the chariot.
1	Two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	pulled	pull	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	chariot	chariot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pull** | past | Two horses | the chariot |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chariot=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We made a model chariot in history class.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chariot:x6:1
# text = We made a model chariot in history class.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	model	model	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	chariot	chariot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | We | a model chariot |  | history class |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chariot=Product |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The crowd cheered as the chariots raced round the track.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chariot:x7:1
# text = The crowd cheered as the chariots raced round the track.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	cheered	cheer	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	chariots	chariot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	raced	race	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	round	round	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	track	track	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cheer** | participle |  | the crowd *not said here* |  |  |  | as the chariots | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **race** | past | the crowd |  |  | the track |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme round track=Trajectory |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The next morning they started in the same chariot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chariot:x8:1
# text = The next morning they started in the same chariot.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	chariot	chariot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | past | they |  |  | the same chariot | morning |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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