---
title: chaser — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «chaser» in the school dictionary: A person or animal who chases someone or something. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# chaser

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** person, drink, horse, chaser, storm chasers, grandad · **What happens:** chase, take, race, follow, study, film · **To what, where:** someone, weaker drink, fences, storms, tag, everyone

<!-- .vabout -->
«chaser» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [chaser in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/chaser.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person or animal who chases someone or something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chaser:m1:1
# text = A person or animal who chases someone or something.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	chases	chase	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
7	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chase** | present | a person or animal | someone |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A drink taken straight after another, especially a weaker drink after a strong alcoholic one, or a strong one after beer (adults).

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chaser:m2:1
# text = A drink taken straight after another, especially a weaker drink after a strong alcoholic one, or a strong one after beer (adults).
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	straight	straight	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	weaker	weak	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	11	amod	_	_
11	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
12	after	after	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	alcoholic	alcoholic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
22	after	after	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	beer	beer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
24	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	adults	adult	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | participle | a drink *not said here* | a weaker drink after a strong alcoholic one or a strong one after beer |  |  | after another | straight *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: sport — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A horse that races over fences (steeplechaser), or a player in the Harry Potter game Quidditch.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chaser:m3:1
# text = A horse that races over fences (steeplechaser), or a player in the Harry Potter game Quidditch.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	races	race	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	fences	fence	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	steeplechaser	steeplechaser	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	player	player	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
16	Harry	Harry	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	Potter	Potter	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
19	Quidditch	Quidditch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **race** | present | a horse |  |  | fences |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over fence=Trajectory |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Storm chaser: a person who follows storms to study or film them.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chaser:m4:1
# text = Storm chaser: a person who follows storms to study or film them.
1	Storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	chaser	chaser	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	follows	follow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	storms	storm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	study	study	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	film	film	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
13	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | present | a person | storms |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent storm=Theme |
| 2 | **study** | to-infinitive | a person *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **film** | infinitive | a person *not said here* | storms *= storm* |  |  |  |  | vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In tag, the chaser has to catch everyone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chaser:x1:1
# text = In tag, the chaser has to catch everyone.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	tag	tag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	chaser	chaser	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	catch	catch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the chaser |  |  | tag |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **catch** | to-infinitive | the chaser *not said here* | everyone |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everyone=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The storm chasers filmed the tornado.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chaser:x2:1
# text = The storm chasers filmed the tornado.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	chasers	chaser	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	filmed	film	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	tornado	tornado	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **film** | past | the storm chasers | the tornado |  |  |  |  | vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tornado=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My grandad drank water as a chaser.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chaser:x3:1
# text = My grandad drank water as a chaser.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	grandad	grandad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	drank	drink	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	chaser	chaser	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drink** | past | My grandad | water |  |  |  | as a chaser | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The chaser horse jumped every fence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chaser:x4:1
# text = The chaser horse jumped every fence.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	chaser	chaser	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	jumped	jump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	fence	fence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump** | past | the chaser horse | every fence |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme fence=Trajectory |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You be the chaser this time!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chaser:x5:1
# text = You be the chaser this time!
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	chaser	chaser	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
6	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | infinitive | You | the chaser |  |  | time |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ambulance chasers are lawyers who look for accident victims.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chaser:x6:1
# text = Ambulance chasers are lawyers who look for accident victims.
1	Ambulance	ambulance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	chasers	chaser	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	lawyers	lawyer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	look	look	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	accident	accident	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	victims	victim	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Ambulance chasers | lawyers |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **look** | present | lawyers |  |  |  |  | for accident victims | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for victim=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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