---
title: chasm — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «chasm» in the school dictionary: A chasm is a deep, wide crack or gap in the ground, rock or ice. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# chasm

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**Who acts:** chasm, deep chasm, only bridge, glacier, deep chasms · **What happens:** be, split, fall, have, glitter · **To what, where:** deep wide crack, mountain, two, fallen tree, deep chasms

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«chasm» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [chasm in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/chasm.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A chasm is a deep, wide crack or gap in the ground, rock or ice.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chasm:m1:1
# text = A chasm is a deep, wide crack or gap in the ground, rock or ice.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	chasm	chasm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	wide	wide	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	crack	crack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	gap	gap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a chasm | a deep wide crack or gap in the ground and rock or ice |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A deep chasm split the mountain in two.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chasm:x1:1
# text = A deep chasm split the mountain in two.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	chasm	chasm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	split	split	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **split** | past | a deep chasm | the mountain |  | two |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mountain=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The only bridge over the chasm was a fallen tree.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chasm:x2:1
# text = The only bridge over the chasm was a fallen tree.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	only	only	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
4	over	over	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	chasm	chasm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | past | the only bridge over the chasm | a fallen tree |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The glacier had deep chasms that glittered blue.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chasm:x3:1
# text = The glacier had deep chasms that glittered blue.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	glacier	glacier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	chasms	chasm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	glittered	glitter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the glacier | deep chasms |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chasm=Patient |
| 2 | **glitter** | past | deep chasms |  |  |  |  | blue *property* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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