---
title: cheapskate — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cheapskate» in the school dictionary: A person who does not like spending money, even when they should; a mean or stingy person. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cheapskate

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** person, you, He, cheapskate, Grandad · **What happens:** not like, spend, do, not be, buy, be · **To what, where:** money, cheapskate, card, sister, sweets, tiny tip · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«cheapskate» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cheapskate in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cheapskate.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal, insulting — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who does not like spending money, even when they should; a mean or stingy person.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheapskate:m1:1
# text = A person who does not like spending money, even when they should; a mean or stingy person.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
4	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	like	like	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl:relcl	_	_
7	spending	spend	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	xcomp	_	_
8	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	even	even	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
11	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	13	advmod	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
16	mean	mean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	stingy	stingy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	conj	_	_
19	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **like** | present · do-support | a person and a mean person |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **spend** *not said to happen* | gerund | a person and a mean person *not said here* | money |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't be a cheapskate; buy your sister a card!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheapskate:x1:1
# text = Don't be a cheapskate; buy your sister a card!
1	Do	do	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cheapskate	cheapskate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	buy	buy	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	card	card	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **is a** | infinitive |  | a cheapskate |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **buy** | infinitive | you *not said here* | a card | your sister |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent sister=Beneficiary card=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He's such a cheapskate that he never shares his sweets.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheapskate:x2:1
# text = He's such a cheapskate that he never shares his sweets.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	5	det:predet	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cheapskate	cheapskate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	shares	share	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	sweets	sweet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | He | such cheapskate |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **share** | present | he | his sweets |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cheapskate left a tiny tip.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheapskate:x3:1
# text = The cheapskate left a tiny tip.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cheapskate	cheapskate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	tip	tip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past | the cheapskate | a tiny tip |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tip=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandad calls himself a cheapskate as a joke.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheapskate:x4:1
# text = Grandad calls himself a cheapskate as a joke.
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	calls	call	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	2	obj	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cheapskate	cheapskate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	xcomp	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	joke	joke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present | Grandad | Grandad |  |  |  | as a joke | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent himself=Recipient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only a cheapskate would split a biscuit in half to share.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheapskate:x5:1
# text = Only a cheapskate would split a biscuit in half to share.
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cheapskate	cheapskate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	split	split	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	biscuit	biscuit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	5	obl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	share	share	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **split** | would | a cheapskate | a biscuit |  | half |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent biscuit=Patient |
| 2 | **share** | to-infinitive | a cheapskate *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being careful with money doesn't make you a cheapskate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheapskate:x6:1
# text = Being careful with money doesn't make you a cheapskate.
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	cop	_	_
2	careful	careful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	csubj	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	cheapskate	cheapskate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | with money; careful *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **make** | present · do-support |  | you |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset you=Product |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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