---
title: cheekiness — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cheekiness» in the school dictionary: Rude but often playful or funny behaviour that shows a lack of respect. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cheekiness

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Rude behaviour, teacher, cheekiness, everyone, I, seagull · **What happens:** show, lack, ask, do, not put up, make · **To what, where:** lack, respect, something, everyone, Mum, cheekiness

<!-- .vabout -->
«cheekiness» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cheekiness in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cheekiness.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rude but often playful or funny behaviour that shows a lack of respect.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheekiness:m1:1
# text = Rude but often playful or funny behaviour that shows a lack of respect.
1	Rude	rude	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
2	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
3	often	often	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	playful	playful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	funny	funny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
7	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	lack	lack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	respect	respect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | Rude behaviour | a lack of respect |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent lack=Recipient |
| 2 | **lack** |  |  | respect |  |  |  |  | nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Boldness, cheek, the nerve to ask for or do something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheekiness:m2:1
# text = Boldness, cheek, the nerve to ask for or do something.
1	Boldness	boldness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	cheek	cheek	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	nerve	nerve	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	ask	ask	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	acl	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	obl	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
12	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **do** | infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher would not put up with any more cheekiness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheekiness:x1:1
# text = The teacher would not put up with any more cheekiness.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	10	det	_	_
9	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	10	amod	_	_
10	cheekiness	cheekiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **put up** | would | the teacher |  |  |  |  | with any more cheekiness | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His cheekiness made everyone laugh, even Mum.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheekiness:x2:1
# text = His cheekiness made everyone laugh, even Mum.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	cheekiness	cheekiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	3	obj	_	_
5	laugh	laugh	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	even	even	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	Mum	Mum	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | His cheekiness | everyone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **laugh** | infinitive | everyone *not said here* | Mum |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I couldn't believe the cheekiness of the seagull stealing my chips.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheekiness:x3:1
# text = I couldn't believe the cheekiness of the seagull stealing my chips.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	believe	believe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cheekiness	cheekiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	seagull	seagull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	stealing	steal	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	acl	_	_
11	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	chips	chip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **believe** | could | I | the cheekiness of the seagull |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cheekiness=Stimulus |
| 2 | **steal** | gerund | the seagull *not said here* | my chips |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location chip=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her cheekiness got her sent out of the room.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheekiness:x4:1
# text = Her cheekiness got her sent out of the room.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	cheekiness	cheekiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | Her cheekiness |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **send** | past | cheekiness |  |  | the room |  |  | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent out room=Initial\_Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was a twinkle of cheekiness in his eyes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheekiness:x5:1
# text = There was a twinkle of cheekiness in his eyes.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	twinkle	twinkle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	cheekiness	cheekiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | a twinkle of cheekiness in twinkle's eyes |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **twinkle** |  | cheekiness |  |  | twinkle's eyes |  |  | nom twinkle «event intransitive»: of=agent in=place |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma loved the cheekiness of her youngest grandchild.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheekiness:x6:1
# text = Grandma loved the cheekiness of her youngest grandchild.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	loved	love	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cheekiness	cheekiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	youngest	young	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	8	amod	_	_
8	grandchild	grandchild	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **love** | past | Grandma | the cheekiness of Grandma's youngest grandchild |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cheekiness=Stimulus |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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