---
title: cheerful — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cheerful» in the school dictionary: A cheerful person is happy and in a good mood, and shows it with smiles and a friendly manner. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/cheerful/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [C](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/) / cheerful

# cheerful

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** cheerful person, cheerful place, you, She, classroom, He · **What happens:** be, show, make, feel, give, sing · **To what, where:** person, you, cheerful smile, me, cheerful song, bus

<!-- .vabout -->
«cheerful» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cheerful in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cheerful.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cheerful person is happy and in a good mood, and shows it with smiles and a friendly manner.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheerful:m1:1
# text = A cheerful person is happy and in a good mood, and shows it with smiles and a friendly manner.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	cheerful	cheerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	mood	mood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	smiles	smile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a cheerful person |  |  |  |  | happy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **show** | present | a cheerful person *not said here* | person |  |  |  | with smiles and a friendly manner | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cheerful place, colour or song is bright and pleasant and makes you feel happy.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheerful:m2:1
# text = A cheerful place, colour or song is bright and pleasant and makes you feel happy.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	cheerful	cheerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	pleasant	pleasant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
14	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
16	happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a cheerful place and colour or song |  |  |  |  | bright *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | a cheerful place and colour or song *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** | present | a cheerful place and colour or song *not said here* | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **feel** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | happy *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She gave me a cheerful smile.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheerful:x1:1
# text = She gave me a cheerful smile.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	cheerful	cheerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	smile	smile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | She | a cheerful smile | me |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient smile=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The classroom was bright and cheerful.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheerful:x2:1
# text = The classroom was bright and cheerful.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	classroom	classroom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	cheerful	cheerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the classroom |  |  |  |  | bright *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the classroom *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is always cheerful in the morning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheerful:x3:1
# text = He is always cheerful in the morning.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	4	advmod	_	_
4	cheerful	cheerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | He |  |  |  | morning | always, cheerful *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We sang a cheerful song on the bus.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheerful:x4:1
# text = We sang a cheerful song on the bus.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	cheerful	cheerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | We | a cheerful song |  | the bus |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cheerful postman waved to everyone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheerful:x5:1
# text = The cheerful postman waved to everyone.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	cheerful	cheerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	postman	postman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	waved	wave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wave** | past | the cheerful postman |  | everyone |  |  |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to everyone=Recipient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yellow and orange are cheerful colours.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheerful:x6:1
# text = Yellow and orange are cheerful colours.
1	Yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	orange	orange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	cheerful	cheerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	colours	colour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | Yellow cheerful colours |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Even when it rained, Grandma stayed cheerful.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheerful:x7:1
# text = Even when it rained, Grandma stayed cheerful.
1	Even	even	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	rained	rain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	Grandma	Grandma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	cheerful	cheerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rain** | past | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |
| 2 | **stay** | past | Grandma |  |  |  |  | cheerful *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cheerful «hello» can make someone's day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheerful:x8:1
# text = A cheerful «hello» can make someone's day.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cheerful	cheerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	nsubj	_	_
3	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	hello	hello	INTJ	UH	_	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | can | a cheerful |  |  |  | day |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was so brave and cheerful.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cheerful:x9:1
# text = He was so brave and cheerful.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	so	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	brave	brave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	cheerful	cheerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | He |  |  |  |  | brave *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [cheerer](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/cheerer/)
- next →: [cheerfully](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/cheerfully/)
- ↑ back to [C in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/)