---
title: chihuahua — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «chihuahua» in the school dictionary: A chihuahua is a very small breed of dog with big ears and big eyes, the smallest dog breed in the world. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# chihuahua

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** chihuahua, they, it · **What happens:** be, name, fit, bark, shiver, put · **To what, where:** small breed, large state, northern Mexico, dog, handbag, little coat

<!-- .vabout -->
«chihuahua» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [chihuahua in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/chihuahua.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A chihuahua is a very small breed of dog with big ears and big eyes, the smallest dog breed in the world.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chihuahua:m1:1
# text = A chihuahua is a very small breed of dog with big ears and big eyes, the smallest dog breed in the world.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	chihuahua	chihuahua	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	breed	breed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	ears	ear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
18	smallest	small	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	20	amod	_	_
19	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	breed	breed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a chihuahua | a small breed and the smallest dog breed in the world |  |  |  | of dog with big ears and big eyes | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chihuahua is a large state in northern Mexico and a city there, after which the dog is named.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chihuahua:m2:1
# text = Chihuahua is a large state in northern Mexico and a city there, after which the dog is named.
1	Chihuahua	Chihuahua	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	northern	northern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	Mexico	Mexico	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
12	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
14	after	after	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	obl	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	named	name	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Chihuahua | a large state |  | northern Mexico and a city |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **name** | present · passive |  | the dog |  |  | after a large state |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A chihuahua is small enough to fit in a handbag.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chihuahua:x1:1
# text = A chihuahua is small enough to fit in a handbag.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	chihuahua	chihuahua	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	fit	fit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	handbag	handbag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a chihuahua |  |  |  |  | enough, small *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **fit** | to-infinitive | a chihuahua *not said here* |  |  | a handbag |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent in handbag=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our neighbour's chihuahua barks at the postman.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chihuahua:x2:1
# text = Our neighbour's chihuahua barks at the postman.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	neighbour	neighbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	chihuahua	chihuahua	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	barks	bark	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	postman	postman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bark** | present | Our neighbour's chihuahua |  |  |  |  | at the postman | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Agent at postman=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The chihuahua shivered, so they put a little coat on it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chihuahua:x3:1
# text = The chihuahua shivered, so they put a little coat on it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	chihuahua	chihuahua	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shivered	shiver	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shiver** | past | the chihuahua |  |  |  |  |  | vn body\_internal\_states-40.6 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **put** | past | they | a little coat |  | chihuahua |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent coat=Theme on it=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chihuahuas are named after a place in Mexico.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chihuahua:x4:1
# text = Chihuahuas are named after a place in Mexico.
1	Chihuahuas	chihuahua	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	named	name	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	after	after	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Mexico	Mexico	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **name** | present · passive |  | Chihuahuas |  |  | after a place in Mexico |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Even though it is tiny, the chihuahua acts like a guard dog.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chihuahua:x5:1
# text = Even though it is tiny, the chihuahua acts like a guard dog.
1	Even	even	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
2	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	chihuahua	chihuahua	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	acts	act	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	guard	guard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | it |  |  |  |  | tiny *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **act** | present | the chihuahua |  |  |  |  | like a guard dog | vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent like dog=Attribute |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The chihuahua weighed less than two bags of sugar.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chihuahua:x6:1
# text = The chihuahua weighed less than two bags of sugar.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	chihuahua	chihuahua	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	weighed	weigh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	less	less	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	3	advmod	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	bags	bag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **weigh** | past | the chihuahua |  |  |  |  | than two bags of sugar; less *property* | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chihuahua is the biggest state in Mexico.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chihuahua:x7:1
# text = Chihuahua is the biggest state in Mexico.
1	Chihuahua	Chihuahua	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	biggest	big	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Mexico	Mexico	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Chihuahua | the biggest state |  | Mexico |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My aunt's chihuahua sleeps on a cushion by the fire.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chihuahua:x8:1
# text = My aunt's chihuahua sleeps on a cushion by the fire.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	aunt	aunt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	chihuahua	chihuahua	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	sleeps	sleep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	cushion	cushion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sleep** | present | My aunt's chihuahua |  |  | a cushion |  | by the fire | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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