---
title: chilly — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «chilly» in the school dictionary: Chilly means rather cold, cold enough to be uncomfortable. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# chilly

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Chilly, chilly person, It, classroom, chilly wind, I · **What happens:** mean, be, not be, take, blow, feel · **To what, where:** jacket, beach, window, chilly stare, him, chilly welcome

<!-- .vabout -->
«chilly» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [chilly in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/chilly.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chilly means rather cold, cold enough to be uncomfortable.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chilly:m1:1
# text = Chilly means rather cold, cold enough to be uncomfortable.
1	Chilly	chilly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	rather	rather	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	cop	_	_
10	uncomfortable	uncomfortable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Chilly |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | to-infinitive | Chilly *not said here* |  |  |  |  | uncomfortable *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A chilly person or welcome is unfriendly and not warm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chilly:m2:1
# text = A chilly person or welcome is unfriendly and not warm.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	chilly	chilly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	welcome	welcome	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	unfriendly	unfriendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a chilly person or welcome |  |  |  |  | unfriendly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **be** |  | a chilly person or welcome *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It's a bit chilly, so take your jacket.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chilly:x1:1
# text = It's a bit chilly, so take your jacket.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
5	chilly	chilly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	jacket	jacket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | a bit *obl:unmarked*; chilly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **take** | infinitive |  | your jacket |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jacket=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The classroom was chilly before the heating came on.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chilly:x2:1
# text = The classroom was chilly before the heating came on.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	classroom	classroom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	chilly	chilly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
5	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	heating	heating	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	on	on	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the classroom |  |  |  |  | chilly, come *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A chilly wind blew across the beach.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chilly:x3:1
# text = A chilly wind blew across the beach.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	chilly	chilly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	blew	blow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	across	across	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **blow** | past | a chilly wind |  |  | the beach |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I feel chilly; can you close the window?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chilly:x4:1
# text = I feel chilly; can you close the window?
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	feel	feel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	chilly	chilly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	close	close	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | present | I |  |  |  |  | chilly *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **close** | can | you | the window |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent window=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nights get chillier in autumn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chilly:x5:1
# text = The nights get chillier in autumn.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nights	night	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	get	get	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	chillier	chilly	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	xcomp	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | present | the nights |  |  |  |  | chilly *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She gave him a chilly stare.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chilly:x6:1
# text = She gave him a chilly stare.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	chilly	chilly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	stare	stare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | She | a chilly stare | him *= he* |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient stare=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We got a chilly welcome from the grumpy shopkeeper.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chilly:x7:1
# text = We got a chilly welcome from the grumpy shopkeeper.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	chilly	chilly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	welcome	welcome	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	grumpy	grumpy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	shopkeeper	shopkeeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | We | a chilly welcome |  | the grumpy shopkeeper |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent welcome=Theme from shopkeeper=Source |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A chilly little wind came creeping with them making scary noises in the grass.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chilly:x8:1
# text = A chilly little wind came creeping with them making scary noises in the grass.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	chilly	chilly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	creeping	creep	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	xcomp	_	_
7	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
10	scary	scary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	noises	noise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | a chilly little wind |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **creep** | gerund | a chilly little wind *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **make** | gerund | them *= they* | scary noises |  | the grass |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset noise=Product |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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