---
title: chirp — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «chirp» in the school dictionary: To chirp means to make a short, high sound, like a small bird or a cricket. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# chirp

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** chirp, We, crickets, she, phone, I · **What happens:** chirp, mean, make, be, say, hear · **To what, where:** short high sound, sound, something, bright cheerful voice, birds, crickets · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«chirp» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [chirp in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/chirp.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To chirp means to make a short, high sound, like a small bird or a cricket.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chirp:m1:1
# text = To chirp means to make a short, high sound, like a small bird or a cricket.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	chirp	chirp	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
7	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	cricket	cricket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chirp** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **make** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | a short high sound |  |  |  | like a small bird or a cricket | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A chirp is that sound.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chirp:m2:1
# text = A chirp is that sound.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	chirp	chirp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a chirp | that sound |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To chirp can mean to say something in a bright, cheerful voice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chirp:m3:1
# text = To chirp can mean to say something in a bright, cheerful voice.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	chirp	chirp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
10	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
12	cheerful	cheerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | chirp |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | chirp *not said here* | something |  | a bright cheerful voice |  |  | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent something=Theme in voice=Manner |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The birds chirped in the morning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chirp:x1:1
# text = The birds chirped in the morning.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	chirped	chirp	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chirp** | participle |  | the birds *not said here* |  |  | morning |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We heard crickets chirping at night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chirp:x2:1
# text = We heard crickets chirping at night.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	crickets	cricket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	chirping	chirp	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | We | crickets |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer cricket=Stimulus |
| 2 | **chirp** | gerund | crickets *not said here* |  |  |  | night |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The baby bird chirped for food.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chirp:x3:1
# text = The baby bird chirped for food.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	chirped	chirp	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chirp** | participle |  | the baby bird *not said here* |  |  |  | for food | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S\_INF»: agent=Agent for food=Recipient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Good morning! she chirped.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chirp:x4:1
# text = Good morning! she chirped.
1	Good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
4	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	chirped	chirp	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chirp** | past | she |  |  |  | morning |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My phone chirps when I get a message.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chirp:x5:1
# text = My phone chirps when I get a message.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	chirps	chirp	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	get	get	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chirp** | present | My phone |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **get** | present | I | a message |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer message=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Crickets chirp faster when it is warm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chirp:x6:1
# text = Crickets chirp faster when it is warm.
1	Crickets	cricket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	chirp	chirp	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	faster	fast	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	2	advmod	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chirp** | present | Crickets |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | it |  |  |  |  | warm *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Peep, peep, pe--weep!" chirped the bird.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chirp:x7:1
# text = "Peep, peep, pe--weep!" chirped the bird.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Peep	peep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	peep	peep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	pe	pe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	weep	weep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
11	chirped	chirp	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chirp** | past | Peep and peep and pe and weep | the bird |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent bird=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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