---
title: chivvy — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «chivvy» in the school dictionary: To keep telling someone to hurry up or do something, in an annoying way. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# chivvy

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** someone, Mum, teacher, sheepdog, you, I · **What happens:** keep, tell, hurry up, do, chase, hunt · **To what, where:** someone, something, annoying way, us, bed, class · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«chivvy» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [chivvy in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/chivvy.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: mainly UK, informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To keep telling someone to hurry up or do something, in an annoying way.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chivvy:m1:1
# text = To keep telling someone to hurry up or do something, in an annoying way.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	telling	tell	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	hurry	hurry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
10	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	annoying	annoying	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | gerund |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 3 | **hurry up** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | someone *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **do** | infinitive | someone *not said here* | something |  | a annoying way |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To chase or hunt someone, or drive animals along.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chivvy:m2:1
# text = To chase or hunt someone, or drive animals along.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	chase	chase	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	hunt	hunt	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	drive	drive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
10	along	along	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chase** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **hunt** | infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum chivvied us out of bed for school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chivvy:x1:1
# text = Mum chivvied us out of bed for school.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	chivvied	chivvy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chivvy** | past | Mum | us |  | bed |  | for school | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher chivvied the class back inside after the bell.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chivvy:x2:1
# text = The teacher chivvied the class back inside after the bell.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	chivvied	chivvy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	back	back	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
8	after	after	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	bell	bell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chivvy** | past | the teacher | the class |  |  | after the bell | inside *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sheepdog chivvied the sheep through the gate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chivvy:x3:1
# text = The sheepdog chivvied the sheep through the gate.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sheepdog	sheepdog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	chivvied	chivvy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	through	through	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chivvy** | past | the sheepdog | the sheep |  | the gate |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stop chivvying me, I'm nearly ready!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chivvy:x4:1
# text = Stop chivvying me, I'm nearly ready!
1	Stop	stop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	chivvying	chivvy	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	xcomp	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **chivvy** | gerund | you *not said here* | me |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present | I |  |  |  |  | nearly, ready *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad chivvied everyone into the car.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chivvy:x5:1
# text = Dad chivvied everyone into the car.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	chivvied	chivvy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	2	obj	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chivvy** | past | Dad | everyone |  | the car |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the story the weasels chivvied the poor rabbits.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:chivvy:x6:1
# text = In the story the weasels chivvied the poor rabbits.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	weasels	weasel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	chivvied	chivvy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	rabbits	rabbit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chivvy** | past | the weasels | the poor rabbits |  | the story |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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