---
title: churlish — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «churlish» in the school dictionary: Rude, grumpy and unkind in the way one behaves or speaks. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# churlish

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**Who acts:** one, It, churlish farmer · **What happens:** behave, speak, be, not say, thank, refuse · **To what, where:** way, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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«churlish» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 2 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [churlish in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/churlish.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rude, grumpy and unkind in the way one behaves or speaks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:churlish:m1:1
# text = Rude, grumpy and unkind in the way one behaves or speaks.
1	Rude	rude	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	grumpy	grumpy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	unkind	unkind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	behaves	behave	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	speaks	speak	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **behave** | present | one | the way *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | one *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was churlish of him not to say thank you.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:churlish:x1:1
# text = It was churlish of him not to say thank you.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	churlish	churlish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
9	thank	thank	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | It |  |  |  |  | of him *= he*; churlish *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **thank** *speech: thank* | infinitive |  |  | you |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only a churlish farmer would refuse to help.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:churlish:x2:1
# text = Only a churlish farmer would refuse to help.
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	churlish	churlish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	refuse	refuse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refuse** | would | a churlish farmer |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **help** | to-infinitive | a churlish farmer *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [churl](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/churl/)
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