---
title: cinder — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cinder» in the school dictionary: A small piece of burnt coal or wood that is left after a fire has gone out; grey ash. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cinder

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**Who acts:** fire, cat · **What happens:** leave, go out, burnt, sleep · **To what, where:** burnt coal, toast, house, warm cinders

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«cinder» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cinder in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cinder.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A small piece of burnt coal or wood that is left after a fire has gone out; grey ash.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cinder:m1:1
# text = A small piece of burnt coal or wood that is left after a fire has gone out; grey ash.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	burnt	burnt	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	coal	coal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl:relcl	_	_
12	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
15	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
17	out	out	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
19	grey	grey	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	ash	ash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | present · passive |  | burnt coal or wood |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **go out** | present · perfect | a fire |  |  |  |  |  | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The toast was burnt to a cinder.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cinder:x1:1
# text = The toast was burnt to a cinder.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	toast	toast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	burnt	burnt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	cinder	cinder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burnt** | past · passive |  | the toast |  |  |  | to a cinder | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By morning the house had burnt to cinders.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cinder:x2:1
# text = By morning the house had burnt to cinders.
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	burnt	burnt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	cinders	cinder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burnt** | past · perfect · passive |  | the house |  |  | morning | to cinders | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cat slept on the warm cinders by the fire.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cinder:x3:1
# text = The cat slept on the warm cinders by the fire.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	slept	sleep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	cinders	cinder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sleep** | past | the cat |  |  | the warm cinders |  | by the fire | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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