---
title: circumnavigate — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «circumnavigate» in the school dictionary: To sail, fly or travel all the way around something, especially the world or an island. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# circumnavigate

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** crew, We, She, Pilots · **What happens:** sail, fly, travel, find, be, circumnavigate · **To what, where:** way, something, problem, globe, lake, bikes

<!-- .vabout -->
«circumnavigate» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 5 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [circumnavigate in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/circumnavigate.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To sail, fly or travel all the way around something, especially the world or an island.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:circumnavigate:m1:1
# text = To sail, fly or travel all the way around something, especially the world or an island.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	sail	sail	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	fly	fly	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	travel	travel	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	9	det:predet	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
10	around	around	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	island	island	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sail** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **fly** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **travel** | infinitive |  | all way |  | something |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme around something=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To find a way around a problem or obstacle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:circumnavigate:m2:1
# text = To find a way around a problem or obstacle.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	find	find	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	around	around	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	problem	problem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	obstacle	obstacle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | to-infinitive |  | a way |  | a problem or obstacle |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Magellan's crew were the first to circumnavigate the globe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:circumnavigate:x1:1
# text = Magellan's crew were the first to circumnavigate the globe.
1	Magellan	Magellan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	crew	crew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	circumnavigate	circumnavigate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	acl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	globe	globe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Magellan's crew |  |  |  |  | first *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **circumnavigate** | to-infinitive |  | the globe |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We circumnavigated the lake on our bikes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:circumnavigate:x2:1
# text = We circumnavigated the lake on our bikes.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	circumnavigated	circumnavigate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	bikes	bike	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **circumnavigate** | past | We | the lake |  | our bikes |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She plans to circumnavigate the world in a small boat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:circumnavigate:x3:1
# text = She plans to circumnavigate the world in a small boat.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	plans	plan	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	circumnavigate	circumnavigate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **plan** | present | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **circumnavigate** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | She *not said here* | the world |  | a small boat |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We circumnavigated the puddle to keep our shoes dry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:circumnavigate:x4:1
# text = We circumnavigated the puddle to keep our shoes dry.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	circumnavigated	circumnavigate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	puddle	puddle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **circumnavigate** | past | We | the puddle |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **keep** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | our shoes |  |  |  | dry *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shoe=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pilots have circumnavigated the Earth in balloons.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:circumnavigate:x5:1
# text = Pilots have circumnavigated the Earth in balloons.
1	Pilots	pilot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	circumnavigated	circumnavigate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	balloons	balloon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **circumnavigate** | present · perfect | Pilots | the Earth |  | balloons |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [circumlocution](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/circumlocution/)
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- ↑ back to [C in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/)